Python有效括号

方法一：使用字典
def isValid(s):
    c = ['(', '[', '{']
    a = {")": "(", "}": "{", "]": "["}
    b = [0]
    for i in s:
        if i in c:
            b.append(i)
        elif a[i] == b[-1]:
            b.pop()
        else:
            b.append(i)
    return b == [0]
print(isValid(input()))

方法二：使用栈

import sys
from collections import deque


def isValid(s):
    st = deque()  # 定义一个栈
    i = 0
    while i < len(s):
        e = s[i]
        if e == '(' or e == '[' or e == '{':
            st.append(e)  # 将左括号进栈
        else:
            if e == ')':
                if len(st) == 0 or st[-1] != '(':
                    return False  # 栈空或栈顶不是'('返回假
                st.pop()
            if e == ']':
                if len(st) == 0 or st[-1] != '[':
                    return False  # 栈空或栈顶不是'['返回假
                st.pop()
            if e == '}':
                if len(st) == 0 or st[-1] != '{':
                    return False  # 栈空或栈顶不是'{'返回假
                st.pop()
        i += 1
    return len(st) == 0


if __name__ == '__main__':
    
    s = sys.stdin.readline()
    print(isValid(s))