使用C＃中的反射从字符串获取属性值

我正在尝试在代码中使用Reflection ¹示例实现数据转换 。

GetSourceValue函数具有比较各种类型的开关，但是我想删除这些类型和属性，并让GetSourceValue仅使用单个字符串作为参数来获取属性的值。 我想在字符串中传递类和属性，并解析该属性的值。

这可能吗？

^1个_{原始博客文章的Web存档版本}

---

#1楼

 public static object GetPropValue(object src, string propName)
 {
     return src.GetType().GetProperty(propName).GetValue(src, null);
 }

当然，您将需要添加验证等功能，但这就是要点。

---

#2楼

这样的事情怎么样：

public static Object GetPropValue(this Object obj, String name) {
    foreach (String part in name.Split('.')) {
        if (obj == null) { return null; }

        Type type = obj.GetType();
        PropertyInfo info = type.GetProperty(part);
        if (info == null) { return null; }

        obj = info.GetValue(obj, null);
    }
    return obj;
}

public static T GetPropValue<T>(this Object obj, String name) {
    Object retval = GetPropValue(obj, name);
    if (retval == null) { return default(T); }

    // throws InvalidCastException if types are incompatible
    return (T) retval;
}

这将允许您使用单个字符串进入属性，如下所示：

DateTime now = DateTime.Now;
int min = GetPropValue<int>(now, "TimeOfDay.Minutes");
int hrs = now.GetPropValue<int>("TimeOfDay.Hours");

您可以将这些方法用作静态方法或扩展。

---

#3楼

您永远不会提及要检查的对象，并且由于您拒绝引用给定对象的对象，因此我假设您的意思是静态对象。

using System.Reflection;
public object GetPropValue(string prop)
{
    int splitPoint = prop.LastIndexOf('.');
    Type type = Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().GetType(prop.Substring(0, splitPoint));
    object obj = null;
    return type.GetProperty(prop.Substring(splitPoint + 1)).GetValue(obj, null);
}

请注意，我用局部变量obj标记了要检查的obj 。 null表示静态，否则将其设置为所需的值。 还请注意， GetEntryAssembly()是获取“运行中”程序集的几种可用方法之一，如果在加载类型时遇到困难，则可能需要使用它。

---

#4楼

使用Microsoft.VisualBasic命名空间（ Microsoft.VisualBasic.dll ）的CallByName怎么办？ 它使用反射来获取常规对象，COM对象甚至动态对象的属性，字段和方法。

using Microsoft.VisualBasic;
using Microsoft.VisualBasic.CompilerServices;

然后

Versioned.CallByName(this, "method/function/prop name", CallType.Get).ToString();

---

#5楼

使用System.Reflection命名空间的PropertyInfo。 无论我们尝试访问什么属性，反射都可以编译。 该错误将在运行时出现。

    public static object GetObjProperty(object obj, string property)
    {
        Type t = obj.GetType();
        PropertyInfo p = t.GetProperty("Location");
        Point location = (Point)p.GetValue(obj, null);
        return location;
    }

获得对象的Location属性效果很好

Label1.Text = GetObjProperty(button1, "Location").ToString();

我们将获得Location：{X = 71，Y = 27}我们也可以以相同的方式返回location.X或location.Y。

---

#6楼

更短的方法....

var a = new Test { Id = 1 , Name = "A" , date = DateTime.Now};
var b = new Test { Id = 1 , Name = "AXXX", date = DateTime.Now };

var compare = string.Join("",a.GetType().GetProperties().Select(x => x.GetValue(a)).ToArray())==
              string.Join("",b.GetType().GetProperties().Select(x => x.GetValue(b)).ToArray());

---

#7楼

添加到任何Class ：

public class Foo
{
    public object this[string propertyName]
    {
        get { return this.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName).GetValue(this, null); }
        set { this.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName).SetValue(this, value, null); }
    }

    public string Bar { get; set; }
}

然后，您可以用作：

Foo f = new Foo();
// Set
f["Bar"] = "asdf";
// Get
string s = (string)f["Bar"];

---

#8楼

这是查找嵌套属性的另一种方法，该属性不需要字符串即可告诉您嵌套路径。 将单一属性方法归功于Ed S.。

    public static T FindNestedPropertyValue<T, N>(N model, string propName) {
        T retVal = default(T);
        bool found = false;

        PropertyInfo[] properties = typeof(N).GetProperties();

        foreach (PropertyInfo property in properties) {
            var currentProperty = property.GetValue(model, null);

            if (!found) {
                try {
                    retVal = GetPropValue<T>(currentProperty, propName);
                    found = true;
                } catch { }
            }
        }

        if (!found) {
            throw new Exception("Unable to find property: " + propName);
        }

        return retVal;
    }

        public static T GetPropValue<T>(object srcObject, string propName) {
        return (T)srcObject.GetType().GetProperty(propName).GetValue(srcObject, null);
    }

---

#9楼

以下代码是一种递归方法，用于显示对象实例中包含的所有属性名称和值的整个层次结构。 此方法在该线程中使用上面的AlexD的GetPropertyValue()答案的简化版本。 由于有了这个讨论线程，我得以弄清楚该如何做！

例如，通过使用如下方法，我使用此方法来显示WebService响应中所有属性的爆炸或转储：

PropertyValues_byRecursion("Response", response, false);

public static object GetPropertyValue(object srcObj, string propertyName)
{
  if (srcObj == null) 
  {
    return null; 
  }
  PropertyInfo pi = srcObj.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName.Replace("[]", ""));
  if (pi == null)
  {
    return null;
  }
  return pi.GetValue(srcObj);
}

public static void PropertyValues_byRecursion(string parentPath, object parentObj, bool showNullValues)
{
  /// Processes all of the objects contained in the parent object.
  ///   If an object has a Property Value, then the value is written to the Console
  ///   Else if the object is a container, then this method is called recursively
  ///       using the current path and current object as parameters

  // Note:  If you do not want to see null values, set showNullValues = false

  foreach (PropertyInfo pi in parentObj.GetType().GetTypeInfo().GetProperties())
  {
    // Build the current object property's namespace path.  
    // Recursion extends this to be the property's full namespace path.
    string currentPath = parentPath + "." + pi.Name;

    // Get the selected property's value as an object
    object myPropertyValue = GetPropertyValue(parentObj, pi.Name);
    if (myPropertyValue == null)
    {
      // Instance of Property does not exist
      if (showNullValues)
      {
        Console.WriteLine(currentPath + " = null");
        // Note: If you are replacing these Console.Write... methods callback methods,
        //       consider passing DBNull.Value instead of null in any method object parameters.
      }
    }
    else if (myPropertyValue.GetType().IsArray)
    {
      // myPropertyValue is an object instance of an Array of business objects.
      // Initialize an array index variable so we can show NamespacePath[idx] in the results.
      int idx = 0;
      foreach (object business in (Array)myPropertyValue)
      {
        if (business == null)
        {
          // Instance of Property does not exist
          // Not sure if this is possible in this context.
          if (showNullValues)
          {
            Console.WriteLine(currentPath  + "[" + idx.ToString() + "]" + " = null");
          }
        }
        else if (business.GetType().IsArray)
        {
          // myPropertyValue[idx] is another Array!
          // Let recursion process it.
          PropertyValues_byRecursion(currentPath + "[" + idx.ToString() + "]", business, showNullValues);
        }
        else if (business.GetType().IsSealed)
        {
          // Display the Full Property Path and its Value
          Console.WriteLine(currentPath + "[" + idx.ToString() + "] = " + business.ToString());
        }
        else
        {
          // Unsealed Type Properties can contain child objects.
          // Recurse into my property value object to process its properties and child objects.
          PropertyValues_byRecursion(currentPath + "[" + idx.ToString() + "]", business, showNullValues);
        }
        idx++;
      }
    }
    else if (myPropertyValue.GetType().IsSealed)
    {
      // myPropertyValue is a simple value
      Console.WriteLine(currentPath + " = " + myPropertyValue.ToString());
    }
    else
    {
      // Unsealed Type Properties can contain child objects.
      // Recurse into my property value object to process its properties and child objects.
      PropertyValues_byRecursion(currentPath, myPropertyValue, showNullValues);
    }
  }
}

---

#10楼

Dim NewHandle As YourType = CType(Microsoft.VisualBasic.CallByName(ObjectThatContainsYourVariable, "YourVariableName", CallType), YourType)

---

#11楼

关于嵌套属性的讨论，如果使用如下所示的DataBinder.Eval Method (Object, String) ，则可以避免所有反射：

var value = DataBinder.Eval(DateTime.Now, "TimeOfDay.Hours");

当然，您需要添加对System.Web程序集的引用，但这可能没什么大不了的。

---

#12楼

public static List<KeyValuePair<string, string>> GetProperties(object item) //where T : class
    {
        var result = new List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>();
        if (item != null)
        {
            var type = item.GetType();
            var properties = type.GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance);
            foreach (var pi in properties)
            {
                var selfValue = type.GetProperty(pi.Name).GetValue(item, null);
                if (selfValue != null)
                {
                    result.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>(pi.Name, selfValue.ToString()));
                }
                else
                {
                    result.Add(new KeyValuePair<string, string>(pi.Name, null));
                }
            }
        }
        return result;
    }

这是一种在列表中获取所有属性及其值的方法。

---

#13楼

jheddings和AlexD都就如何解析属性字符串写了出色的答案。 我想把我的东西混在一起，因为我正是为此目的编写了一个专用的库。

Pather.CSharp的主要类是Resolver 。 默认情况下，它可以解析属性，数组和字典条目。

因此，例如，如果您有一个像这样的对象

var o = new { Property1 = new { Property2 = "value" } };

并想要获取Property2 ，您可以这样：

IResolver resolver = new Resolver();
var path = "Property1.Property2";
object result = r.Resolve(o, path); 
//=> "value"

这是它可以解析的路径的最基本示例。 如果您想了解它的其他功能或扩展方法，请转到Github页面 。

---

#14楼

如果我使用Ed S的代码，我会得到

“ ReflectionExtensions.GetProperty（Type，string）”由于其保护级别而无法访问

似乎Xamarin.Forms中没有GetProperty() 。 TargetFrameworkProfile是Profile7在我的便携式类库（.NET框架4.5，Windows 8中，ASP.NET 1.0的核心，Xamarin.Android，Xamarin.iOS，Xamarin.iOS经典）。

现在我找到了一个可行的解决方案：

using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;

public static object GetPropValue(object source, string propertyName)
{
    var property = source.GetType().GetRuntimeProperties().FirstOrDefault(p => string.Equals(p.Name, propertyName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase));
    return property?.GetValue(source);
}

资源

---

#15楼

调用方法已在.NET Standard（自1.6版）中更改。 我们也可以使用C＃6的空条件运算符。

using System.Reflection; 
public static object GetPropValue(object src, string propName)
{
    return src.GetType().GetRuntimeProperty(propName)?.GetValue(src);
}

---

#16楼

public static TValue GetFieldValue<TValue>(this object instance, string name)
{
    var type = instance.GetType(); 
    var field = type.GetFields(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Instance).FirstOrDefault(e => typeof(TValue).IsAssignableFrom(e.FieldType) && e.Name == name);
    return (TValue)field?.GetValue(instance);
}

public static TValue GetPropertyValue<TValue>(this object instance, string name)
{
    var type = instance.GetType();
    var field = type.GetProperties(BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Instance).FirstOrDefault(e => typeof(TValue).IsAssignableFrom(e.PropertyType) && e.Name == name);
    return (TValue)field?.GetValue(instance);
}

---

#17楼

这是我的解决方案。 它也可以与COM对象一起使用，并允许从COM对象访问集合/数组项。

public static object GetPropValue(this object obj, string name)
{
    foreach (string part in name.Split('.'))
    {
        if (obj == null) { return null; }

        Type type = obj.GetType();
        if (type.Name == "__ComObject")
        {
            if (part.Contains('['))
            {
                string partWithoundIndex = part;
                int index = ParseIndexFromPropertyName(ref partWithoundIndex);
                obj = Versioned.CallByName(obj, partWithoundIndex, CallType.Get, index);
            }
            else
            {
                obj = Versioned.CallByName(obj, part, CallType.Get);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            PropertyInfo info = type.GetProperty(part);
            if (info == null) { return null; }
            obj = info.GetValue(obj, null);
        }
    }
    return obj;
}

private static int ParseIndexFromPropertyName(ref string name)
{
    int index = -1;
    int s = name.IndexOf('[') + 1;
    int e = name.IndexOf(']');
    if (e < s)
    {
        throw new ArgumentException();
    }
    string tmp = name.Substring(s, e - s);
    index = Convert.ToInt32(tmp);
    name = name.Substring(0, s - 1);
    return index;
}

---

#18楼

public class YourClass
{
    //Add below line in your class
    public object this[string propertyName] => GetType().GetProperty(propertyName)?.GetValue(this, null);
    public string SampleProperty { get; set; }
}

//And you can get value of any property like this.
var value = YourClass["SampleProperty"];

---

#19楼

以下方法最适合我：

class MyClass {
    public string prop1 { set; get; }

    public object this[string propertyName]
    {
        get { return this.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName).GetValue(this, null); }
        set { this.GetType().GetProperty(propertyName).SetValue(this, value, null); }
    }
}

要获取属性值：

MyClass t1 = new MyClass();
...
string value = t1["prop1"].ToString();

设置属性值：

t1["prop1"] = value;

---

#20楼

看看Heleonix.Reflection库。 您可以通过路径获取/设置/调用成员，或者创建比反射更快的getter / setter（lambda编译为委托）。 例如：

var success = Reflector.Get(DateTime.Now, null, "Date.Year", out int value);

或一次创建一个吸气剂并缓存以备重用（这具有更高的性能，但如果中间成员为null，则可能会抛出NullReferenceException）：

var getter = Reflector.CreateGetter<DateTime, int>("Date.Year", typeof(DateTime));
getter(DateTime.Now);

或者，如果您要创建具有不同getter的List<Action<object, object>> ，只需为编译的委托指定基本类型（类型转换将添加到编译的lambda中）：

var getter = Reflector.CreateGetter<object, object>("Date.Year", typeof(DateTime));
getter(DateTime.Now);

---

#21楼

这是我根据其他答案得到的。 在错误处理方面变得如此具体有些过大的杀伤力。

public static T GetPropertyValue<T>(object sourceInstance, string targetPropertyName, bool throwExceptionIfNotExists = false)
{
    string errorMsg = null;

    try
    {
        if (sourceInstance == null || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(targetPropertyName))
        {
            errorMsg = $"Source object is null or property name is null or whitespace. '{targetPropertyName}'";
            Log.Warn(errorMsg);

            if (throwExceptionIfNotExists)
                throw new ArgumentException(errorMsg);
            else
                return default(T);
        }

        Type returnType = typeof(T);
        Type sourceType = sourceInstance.GetType();

        PropertyInfo propertyInfo = sourceType.GetProperty(targetPropertyName, returnType);
        if (propertyInfo == null)
        {
            errorMsg = $"Property name '{targetPropertyName}' of type '{returnType}' not found for source object of type '{sourceType}'";
            Log.Warn(errorMsg);

            if (throwExceptionIfNotExists)
                throw new ArgumentException(errorMsg);
            else
                return default(T);
        }

        return (T)propertyInfo.GetValue(sourceInstance, null);
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        errorMsg = $"Problem getting property name '{targetPropertyName}' from source instance.";
        Log.Error(errorMsg, ex);

        if (throwExceptionIfNotExists)
            throw;
    }

    return default(T);
}

---

#22楼

jheddings的好答案。 我想对其进行改进，以允许引用聚合数组或对象集合，以便propertyName可以为property1.property2 [X] .property3：

    public static object GetPropertyValue(object srcobj, string propertyName)
    {
        if (srcobj == null)
            return null;

        object obj = srcobj;

        // Split property name to parts (propertyName could be hierarchical, like obj.subobj.subobj.property
        string[] propertyNameParts = propertyName.Split('.');

        foreach (string propertyNamePart in propertyNameParts)
        {
            if (obj == null)    return null;

            // propertyNamePart could contain reference to specific 
            // element (by index) inside a collection
            if (!propertyNamePart.Contains("["))
            {
                PropertyInfo pi = obj.GetType().GetProperty(propertyNamePart);
                if (pi == null) return null;
                obj = pi.GetValue(obj, null);
            }
            else
            {   // propertyNamePart is areference to specific element 
                // (by index) inside a collection
                // like AggregatedCollection[123]
                //   get collection name and element index
                int indexStart = propertyNamePart.IndexOf("[")+1;
                string collectionPropertyName = propertyNamePart.Substring(0, indexStart-1);
                int collectionElementIndex = Int32.Parse(propertyNamePart.Substring(indexStart, propertyNamePart.Length-indexStart-1));
                //   get collection object
                PropertyInfo pi = obj.GetType().GetProperty(collectionPropertyName);
                if (pi == null) return null;
                object unknownCollection = pi.GetValue(obj, null);
                //   try to process the collection as array
                if (unknownCollection.GetType().IsArray)
                {
                    object[] collectionAsArray = unknownCollection as object[];
                    obj = collectionAsArray[collectionElementIndex];
                }
                else
                {
                    //   try to process the collection as IList
                    System.Collections.IList collectionAsList = unknownCollection as System.Collections.IList;
                    if (collectionAsList != null)
                    {
                        obj = collectionAsList[collectionElementIndex];
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // ??? Unsupported collection type
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        return obj;
    }