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(红字重点)
集合的概念与运算
1. 集合的定义
将具有某种特定性质的对象的全体称为集合. 组成集合的对象
称为元素 .
集合的表示法
(1) 枚举法
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/8481d36b-fdf2-4f9c-94b8-fbb9e39ef6a2.jpg)
(2) 描述法
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/bb111bb7-cbb2-4ecc-b214-cadafa34375f.jpg)
集合的关系
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/7f6ccc86-81b8-4c3a-8ce4-979cf49e750d.png)
数集的表示
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/f64cffc0-0c97-4e0b-9625-f006ebc73294.jpg)
2. 集合运算
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/f16ca118-8b20-45c5-b796-56b699ca6f8b.jpg)
3. 集合的运算性质
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/66e9d7d0-1f78-421c-94c0-f8f97478d608.jpg)
4. 笛卡儿积
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/b97b5315-894f-4edd-8b43-e9f9c333b8c5.jpg)
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确界与连续性公理
实数的性质:
1) 有序性
2) 连续性或完备性
微积分的基础是极限理论,而连续性公理是极限理论的基石.
连续性公理:
一个非空有上界的实数集必有上确界.
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/a244ac3f-c07e-4c5f-8861-852eeb9e2ecd.jpg)
连续性公理:
一个非空有下界的实数集必有下确界.
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/b3bf9767-8573-4c1d-a74e-0da8b0b1f028.jpg)
区间与邻域
1. 区间
有限区间
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/2792a7a1-b829-42f7-a901-bfb52f9df42c.jpg)
无限区间
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/81288210-6510-4b41-8bae-b3dd52c22d82.jpg)
2. 邻域
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/dcbd3c1b-1fa4-4141-a06a-83006f1c1417.jpg)
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映射
![](https://note.wiz.cn/unzip/3f7e7695-18ea-4904-bc46-83e39cbd3af4/dcddaa81-ed76-407e-a9cd-15b6171a5058.256/index_files/e9fd8816-cc9b-4909-a733-d653dfed9a91.jpg)
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