Ubuntu下安装mysql及中文乱码解决

Ubuntu下安装mysql及中文乱码解决

mysql安装

sudo apt-get install mysql-client
sudo apt-get install mysql-server

在安装过程中要输入root密码；

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p

输入密码进入mysql:
mysql>

查看并修改编码方式

mysql>show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | latin1 |
| character_set_connection | latin1 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | latin1 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

默认是latin1，不支持中文, 修改如下；

mysql> SET character_set_database = utf8;
mysql> SET character_set_server = utf8;

查看一下现在mysql的编码

mysql>show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

也可以修改/etc/mysql/my.cnf,但是我修改之后无法启动mysql

运行脚本文件时注意

如果运行脚本.sql时要注意脚本文件中的编码格式（一般windows是gbk）所以要读取gbk的文件，要对应设置,这样才能正确读取脚本文件；

mysql> SET names gbk;

之后在设置如下，就可以正确读取表和显示中文了；

mysql> SET character_set_client = utf8;
mysql> SET character_set_results = utf8;
mysql> SET character_set_connection = utf8;

字符集解释

mysql的字符集分为几类：

• A.客户端字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_client“表示，通知server端，客户端提交的sql语句编码格式
• B.连接字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_connectiont“表示，server端翻译sql语句时，使用的编码格式
• C.结果集字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_results“表示，server端返回结果集之前把结果集转换成的编码格式
• D.存储字符集：通过系统变量”character_set_results“和“character_set_server”表示，是数据在存储引擎里编码格式