java的try-catch、try-finally、try-catch-finally

说明

• java的异常处理中会遇到try-catch、try-finally、try-catch-finally这样的块结构。如果要捕获异常，需要有catch块。如果异常不需要捕获，而是要抛出，可以不用catch块。
• finally语句块一般是释放资源，总会被执行到。即便在try模块抛出了异常，finally语句块的内容也会被执行。

示例

没有捕获异常，而是抛出了

package com.thb;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class Test1 {
		
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		InputStream is = null;
		try {
			File file = new File("d:/temp/test.txt");
			is = new FileInputStream(file);			
		} finally {
			is.close();
		}
	}	

}

捕获异常

package com.thb;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class Test1 {
		
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		InputStream is = null;
		try {
			File file = new File("d:/temp/test.txt");
			is = new FileInputStream(file);			
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		finally {
			try {
				is.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {				
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}	

}

只包含try-catch

package com.thb;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;

public class Test1 {
		
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			ServerSocket server = new ServerSocket();
		} catch (IOException e) {		
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}	

}

在try语句块抛出了可检查异常，finally语句块也被执行到了

 package com.thb;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

public class Demo1 {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {				
		try {
			System.out.println("try block");			
			throw new GeneralSecurityException();
		} finally {
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行输出：

try block
finally block
Exception in thread "main" java.security.GeneralSecurityException
	at com.thb.Demo1.main(Demo1.java:11)

在try语句块抛出了运行时异常，finally语句块也被执行到了

package com.thb;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

public class Demo1 {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {				
		try {
			System.out.println("try block");
			throw new RuntimeException();			
		} finally {
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行输出：

try block
finally block
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException
	at com.thb.Demo1.main(Demo1.java:10)

在catch语句块又抛出了异常，finally语句块也被执行到了

package com.thb;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

public class Demo1 {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {				
		try {
			System.out.println("try block");
			throw new RuntimeException();			
		} catch (Exception e){			
			System.out.println("catch block");
			throw new GeneralSecurityException();
		} finally {		
			System.out.println("finally block");
		}
	}
}

运行输出：

try block
catch block
finally block
Exception in thread "main" java.security.GeneralSecurityException
	at com.thb.Demo1.main(Demo1.java:14)