python：将实例作为属性

在下面示例中，PetDog的属性owner是一个Owner类的实例：

class Animal:
    """动物类"""

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        """初始化描述动物的属性"""
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
    
    def get_description(self):
        """构造描述信息"""
        full_description = f"{self.name.title()}'s age is {self.age}."
        return full_description


class Owner:
    """主人类"""

    def __init__(self, owner_name="thb"):
        """初始化主人的属性"""
        self.owner_name = owner_name

    def describe_owner(self):
        """打印一条描述主人的信息"""
        print(f"The owner is {self.owner_name.title()}")


class PetDog(Animal):
    """宠物狗"""

    def __init__(self, name, age):
        """初始化父类的属性。
        再初始化宠物狗特有的属性
        """
        super().__init__(name, age)
        self.owner = Owner()


# 创建一个宠物狗的实例
pet_dog = PetDog('Shiwu', 3)
print(pet_dog.get_description())
pet_dog.owner.describe_owner()

运行输出：