C/C++ 写控制台程序时修改前景色和背景色

在学习编程时，经常拿控制台程序联系，还有在编写算法题时也经常对着黑底白字的控制台窗口，看一连串的分析数据，着实眼疲劳不说，也没有创作的激情，

现在提供一个简单的控制台颜色修改方案:

Console.h

 1: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2: // Console.h: interface for the Console manipulators.
   3: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   4:
   5: #if !defined( CONSOLE_MANIP_H__INCLUDED )
   6: #define CONSOLE_MANIP_H__INCLUDED
   7:
   8: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9:
  10: //------------------------------------------------------------------"includes"--
  11: #include <;iostream>
  12: #include <;iomanip>
  13: #include <;windows.h>
  14:
  15: namespace JadedHoboConsole
  16: {
  17:     static const WORD bgMask( BACKGROUND_BLUE      |
  18:                               BACKGROUND_GREEN     |
  19:                               BACKGROUND_RED       |
  20:                               BACKGROUND_INTENSITY   );
  21:     static const WORD fgMask( FOREGROUND_BLUE      | 
  22:                               FOREGROUND_GREEN     |
  23:                               FOREGROUND_RED       |
  24:                               FOREGROUND_INTENSITY   );
  25:     
  26:     static const WORD fgBlack    ( 0 ); 
  27:     static const WORD fgLoRed    ( FOREGROUND_RED   ); 
  28:     static const WORD fgLoGreen  ( FOREGROUND_GREEN ); 
  29:     static const WORD fgLoBlue   ( FOREGROUND_BLUE  ); 
  30:     static const WORD fgLoCyan   ( fgLoGreen   | fgLoBlue ); 
  31:     static const WORD fgLoMagenta( fgLoRed     | fgLoBlue ); 
  32:     static const WORD fgLoYellow ( fgLoRed     | fgLoGreen ); 
  33:     static const WORD fgLoWhite  ( fgLoRed     | fgLoGreen | fgLoBlue ); 
  34:     static const WORD fgGray     ( fgBlack     | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  35:     static const WORD fgHiWhite  ( fgLoWhite   | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  36:     static const WORD fgHiBlue   ( fgLoBlue    | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  37:     static const WORD fgHiGreen  ( fgLoGreen   | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  38:     static const WORD fgHiRed    ( fgLoRed     | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  39:     static const WORD fgHiCyan   ( fgLoCyan    | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  40:     static const WORD fgHiMagenta( fgLoMagenta | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  41:     static const WORD fgHiYellow ( fgLoYellow  | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY );
  42:     static const WORD bgBlack    ( 0 ); 
  43:     static const WORD bgLoRed    ( BACKGROUND_RED   ); 
  44:     static const WORD bgLoGreen  ( BACKGROUND_GREEN ); 
  45:     static const WORD bgLoBlue   ( BACKGROUND_BLUE  ); 
  46:     static const WORD bgLoCyan   ( bgLoGreen   | bgLoBlue ); 
  47:     static const WORD bgLoMagenta( bgLoRed     | bgLoBlue ); 
  48:     static const WORD bgLoYellow ( bgLoRed     | bgLoGreen ); 
  49:     static const WORD bgLoWhite  ( bgLoRed     | bgLoGreen | bgLoBlue ); 
  50:     static const WORD bgGray     ( bgBlack     | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  51:     static const WORD bgHiWhite  ( bgLoWhite   | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  52:     static const WORD bgHiBlue   ( bgLoBlue    | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  53:     static const WORD bgHiGreen  ( bgLoGreen   | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  54:     static const WORD bgHiRed    ( bgLoRed     | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  55:     static const WORD bgHiCyan   ( bgLoCyan    | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  56:     static const WORD bgHiMagenta( bgLoMagenta | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY ); 
  57:     static const WORD bgHiYellow ( bgLoYellow  | BACKGROUND_INTENSITY );
  58:     
  59:     static class con_dev
  60:     {
  61:         private:
  62:         HANDLE                      hCon;
  63:         DWORD                       cCharsWritten; 
  64:         CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO  csbi; 
  65:         DWORD                       dwConSize;
  66:
  67:         public:
  68:         con_dev()
  69:         {
  70:             hCon = GetStdHandle( STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE );
  71:         }
  72:         private:
  73:         void GetInfo()
  74:         {
  75:             GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo( hCon, &;csbi );
  76:             dwConSize = csbi.dwSize.X * csbi.dwSize.Y; 
  77:         }
  78:         public:
  79:         void Clear()
  80:         {
  81:             COORD coordScreen = { 0, 0 };
  82:             
  83:             GetInfo(); 
  84:             FillConsoleOutputCharacter( hCon, TEXT(' '),
  85:                                         dwConSize,
  86:                                         coordScreen,
  87:                                         &;cCharsWritten ); 
  88:             GetInfo(); 
  89:             FillConsoleOutputAttribute( hCon,
  90:                                         csbi.wAttributes,
  91:                                         dwConSize,
  92:                                         coordScreen,
  93:                                         &;cCharsWritten ); 
  94:             SetConsoleCursorPosition( hCon, coordScreen ); 
  95:         }
  96:         void SetColor( WORD wRGBI, WORD Mask )
  97:         {
  98:             GetInfo();
  99:             csbi.wAttributes &= Mask; 
 100:             csbi.wAttributes |= wRGBI; 
 101:             SetConsoleTextAttribute( hCon, csbi.wAttributes );
 102:         }
 103:     } console;
 104:     
 105:     inline std::ostream& clr( std::ostream& os )
 106:     {
 107:         os.flush();
 108:         console.Clear();
 109:         return os;
 110:     };
 111:
 112:     inline std::ostream&; fg_red( std::ostream& os )
 113:     {
 114:         os.flush();
 115:         console.SetColor( fgHiRed, bgMask );
 116:
 117:         return os;
 118:     }
 119:
 120:     inline std::ostream&; fg_green( std::ostream& os )
 121:     {
 122:         os.flush();
 123:         console.SetColor( fgHiGreen, bgMask );
 124:
 125:         return os;
 126:     }
 127:
 128:     inline std::ostream&; fg_blue( std::ostream& os )
 129:     {
 130:         os.flush();
 131:         console.SetColor( fgHiBlue, bgMask );
 132:
 133:         return os;
 134:     }
 135:
 136:     inline std::ostream&; fg_white( std::ostream& os )
 137:     {
 138:         os.flush();
 139:         console.SetColor( fgHiWhite, bgMask );
 140:
 141:         return os;
 142:     }
 143:
 144:     inline std::ostream&; fg_cyan( std::ostream& os )
 145:     {
 146:         os.flush();
 147:         console.SetColor( fgHiCyan, bgMask );
 148:
 149:         return os;
 150:     }
 151:
 152:     inline std::ostream&; fg_magenta( std::ostream& os )
 153:     {
 154:         os.flush();
 155:         console.SetColor( fgHiMagenta, bgMask );
 156:
 157:         return os;
 158:     }
 159:
 160:     inline std::ostream&; fg_yellow( std::ostream& os )
 161:     {
 162:         os.flush();
 163:         console.SetColor( fgHiYellow, bgMask );
 164:
 165:         return os;
 166:     }
 167:
 168:     inline std::ostream&; fg_black( std::ostream& os )
 169:     {
 170:         os.flush();
 171:         console.SetColor( fgBlack, bgMask );
 172:
 173:         return os;
 174:     }
 175:
 176:     inline std::ostream&; fg_gray( std::ostream& os )
 177:     {
 178:         os.flush();
 179:         console.SetColor( fgGray, bgMask );
 180:
 181:         return os;
 182:     }
 183:
 184:     inline std::ostream&; bg_red( std::ostream& os )
 185:     {
 186:         os.flush();
 187:         console.SetColor( bgHiRed, fgMask );
 188:
 189:         return os;
 190:     }
 191:
 192:     inline std::ostream&; bg_green( std::ostream& os )
 193:     {
 194:         os.flush();
 195:         console.SetColor( bgHiGreen, fgMask );
 196:
 197:         return os;
 198:     }
 199:
 200:     inline std::ostream&; bg_blue( std::ostream& os )
 201:     {
 202:         os.flush();
 203:         console.SetColor( bgHiBlue, fgMask );
 204:
 205:         return os;
 206:     }
 207:
 208:     inline std::ostream&; bg_white( std::ostream& os )
 209:     {
 210:         os.flush();
 211:         console.SetColor( bgHiWhite, fgMask );
 212:
 213:         return os;
 214:     }
 215:
 216:     inline std::ostream&; bg_cyan( std::ostream& os )
 217:     {
 218:         os.flush();
 219:         console.SetColor( bgHiCyan, fgMask );
 220:
 221:         return os;
 222:     }
 223:
 224:     inline std::ostream&; bg_magenta( std::ostream& os )
 225:     {
 226:         os.flush();
 227:         console.SetColor( bgHiMagenta, fgMask );
 228:
 229:         return os;
 230:     }
 231:
 232:     inline std::ostream&; bg_yellow( std::ostream& os )
 233:     {
 234:         os.flush();
 235:         console.SetColor( bgHiYellow, fgMask );
 236:
 237:         return os;
 238:     }
 239:
 240:     inline std::ostream&; bg_black( std::ostream& os )
 241:     {
 242:         os.flush();
 243:         console.SetColor( bgBlack, fgMask );
 244:
 245:         return os;
 246:     }
 247:
 248:     inline std::ostream&; bg_gray( std::ostream& os )
 249:     {
 250:         os.flush();
 251:         console.SetColor( bgGray, fgMask );
 252:
 253:         return os;
 254:     }
 255: }
 256:
 257: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 258: #endif //!defined ( CONSOLE_MANIP_H__INCLUDED )
 259:

 

然后，附上使用方法：

1.引用头文件“Console.h” ；

2.命名空间的引用申明；

3.针对输出使用配色，例如：cout << con::fg_gray    << “Gray    text on black background\n”

main.cpp

1: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   2: //conColorDemo - main.cpp
   3: //
   4: // written in December 2004 by a JadedHobo
   5: //
   6: // This program demonstrates the use of colors
   7: // in a Win32 console application.
   8: //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   9:
  10: //-------------------------------------------------------------------<;include>--
  11: #include <;iostream>
  12: #include <;conio.h>
  13:
  14: //-------------------------------------------------------------------"include"--
  15: #include "Console.h"
  16:
  17: //------------------------------------------------------------------------main--
  18: int main()
  19: {
  20:     using std::cout;
  21:     using std::endl;
  22:     using std::setw;
  23:     using std::setiosflags;
  24:
  25:     namespace con = JadedHoboConsole;
  26:     
  27:     cout << con::clr;
  28:     cout <;< con::bg_blue << con::fg_white << setw( 40 )
  29:          <;< setiosflags( std::ios::left )
  30:          <;< "Funky colors in a console application" << endl;
  31:
  32:
  33:     cout <;< con::bg_black << con::fg_white
  34:          <;< "\nWhite   text on black background\n";
  35:
  36:     cout <;< con::fg_gray    << "Gray    text on black background\n"
  37:          <;< con::fg_red     << "Red     text on black background\n"
  38:          <;< con::fg_green   << "Green   text on black background\n"
  39:          <;< con::fg_blue    << "Blue    text on black background\n"
  40:          <;< con::fg_cyan    << "Cyan    text on black background\n"
  41:          <;< con::fg_magenta << "Magenta text on black background\n"
  42:          <;< con::fg_yellow  << "Yellow  text on black background\n";
  43:
  44:     cout <;< con::bg_gray << con::fg_yellow << "Press the 'any' key..."
  45:          <;< con::bg_black << con::fg_white;
  46:     int c = _getch();
  47:     cout << "\nThe character " << con::bg_yellow << con::fg_black
  48:          <;< static_cast< char >( c ) << con::bg_black << con::fg_white
  49:          <;< " could be considered "
  50:          <;< con::fg_green << "OK" << con::fg_white << " or "
  51:          <;< con::fg_red   << "WRONG" << con::fg_white
  52:          <;< " depending on taste\n" << endl;
  53:
  54:     cout <;< con::bg_gray    << "White text on gray    background\n"
  55:          <;< con::bg_red     << "White text on red     background\n"
  56:          <;< con::bg_green   << "White text on green   background\n"
  57:          <;< con::bg_blue    << "White text on blue    background\n"
  58:          <;< con::bg_cyan    << "White text on cyan    background\n"
  59:          <;< con::bg_magenta << "White text on magenta background\n"
  60:          <;< con::bg_yellow  << "White text on yellow  background\n";
  61:
  62:     cout <;< con::bg_white << con::fg_blue << "Press the 'any' key..."
  63:          <;< con::bg_black << con::fg_white;
  64:     _getch(); 
  65:     return 0;
  66: }