项目实战第二记
1.前置知识
在进行后台管理系统页面布局有必要先了解一下Vue启动流程:
2.文件说明
vue项目目录结构以及重要文件标注
2.1 index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico">
<title><%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %></title>
</head>
<body>
<noscript>
<strong>We're sorry but <%= htmlWebpackPlugin.options.title %> doesn't work properly without JavaScript enabled. Please enable it to continue.</strong>
</noscript>
<div id="app"></div>
<!-- built files will be auto injected -->
</body>
</html>
整个项目只有这一个html文件,项目为一个单页面应用程序(single page web application,SPA),所有页面(组件)都会被自动注入到这个id为app的div中
2.2 main.js
main.js是vue工程的入口,而App.vue是组件的入口。
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import store from './store'
import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
Vue.config.productionTip = false
Vue.use(ElementUI,{ size: "mini" });
/**
建立一个Vue对象(实例),然后挂载到index.html的app节点(.$mount('#app'))
router:引用路由是router:router的简写,会执行index.js中的内容。
render: h => h(App)
等价于 render: function (createElement) {
return createElement(App);
}
作用是将App组件创建起来并渲染到页面
**/
new Vue({
router,
store,
render: h => h(App)
}).$mount('#app')
2.3 App.vue
App.vue是根组件,用于包含其他组件。一个vue文件就是一个vue组件。
<template>
<div id="app">
<!-- 这是一个容器标签,用于展示路由视图,它表示页面中的路由连接指向的内容在此处展示 -->
<router-view/>
</div>
</template>
<style lang="scss">
#app{
min-height: 100vh;
}
</style>
一个Vue组件的标准结构:
包括模板(template)、脚本(script)和样式(style)构成。
<template>
<div id="app">
...
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'App'
}
</script>
<style>
#app {
...
}
</style>
注:template标签的根结构只能包含一个元素,可以是div,也可以是其他,但是只能是一个,否则编译会报错
2.4 index.js
路由定义文件,Vue-router 中有hash模式和history模式,vue的路由默认是hash模式,一般开发的单页应用的URL都会带有#号的hash模式,因为整个应用本身而言就只有一个HTML,其他的都是通过router来渲染。
import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import HomeView from '../views/HomeView.vue'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
//定义一个路由对象数组
const routes = [
{
path: '/',
name: 'home',
component: HomeView
},
{
path: '/about',
name: 'about',
// route level code-splitting
// this generates a separate chunk (about.[hash].js) for this route
// which is lazy-loaded when the route is visited.
component: () => import(/* webpackChunkName: "about" */ '../views/AboutView.vue')
}
]
const router = new VueRouter({
mode: 'history',
base: process.env.BASE_URL,
routes
})
export default router
3. 后台整体布局实践
3.1 设置全局样式(global.css)
文件放置目录
global.css
*{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.ml-5 {
margin-left: 5px;
}
.mr-5 {
margin-right: 5px;
}
.pd-10 {
padding: 10px 0;
}
3.2 后台布局(HomeView.vue)
<template>
<el-container style="min-height: 100vh">
<el-aside :width="sideWidth + 'px'" style="box-shadow: 2px 0 6px rgba(0 21 41 / 35%);">
<el-menu :default-openeds="['1', '3']" style="min-height: 100%; overflow-x: hidden"
background-color="rgb(48, 65, 86)"
text-color="#fff"
active-text-color="#ffd04b"
:collapse-transition="false"
:collapse="isCollapse"
>
<div style="height: 60px; line-height: 60px; text-align: center">
<img src="../assets/logo.png" alt="" style="width: 20px; position: relative; top: 5px; right: 5px">
<b style="color: white" v-show="logoTextShow">后台管理系统</b>
</div>
<el-submenu index="1">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-message"></i>
<span slot="title">导航一</span>
</template>
<el-menu-item-group title="分组2">
<el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item>
</el-menu-item-group>
<el-submenu index="1-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
<el-submenu index="2">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
<span slot="title">导航二</span>
</template>
<el-submenu index="2-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="2-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
<el-submenu index="3">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-setting"></i>
<span slot="title">导航三</span>
</template>
<el-submenu index="3-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="3-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
</el-menu>
</el-aside>
<el-container>
<el-header style="font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; line-height: 60px; display: flex">
<div style="flex: 1; font-size: 20px">
<span :class="collapseBtnClass" style="cursor: pointer" @click="collapse"></span>
</div>
<el-dropdown style="width: 70px; cursor: pointer">
<span>王小虎</span><i class="el-icon-arrow-down" style="margin-left: 5px"></i>
<el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown" >
<el-dropdown-item style="font-size: 14px; padding: 5px 0">个人信息</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item style="font-size: 14px; padding: 5px 0">退出</el-dropdown-item>
</el-dropdown-menu>
</el-dropdown>
</el-header>
<el-main>
<div style="margin-bottom: 30px">
<el-breadcrumb separator="/">
<el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
<el-breadcrumb-item>用户管理</el-breadcrumb-item>
</el-breadcrumb>
</div>
<div style="margin: 10px 0">
<el-input style="width: 200px" placeholder="请输入名称" suffix-icon="el-icon-search"></el-input>
<el-input style="width: 200px" placeholder="请输入邮箱" suffix-icon="el-icon-message" class="ml-5"></el-input>
<el-input style="width: 200px" placeholder="请输入地址" suffix-icon="el-icon-position" class="ml-5"></el-input>
<el-button class="ml-5" type="primary">搜索</el-button>
</div>
<div style="margin: 10px 0">
<el-button type="primary">新增 <i class="el-icon-circle-plus-outline"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="danger">批量删除 <i class="el-icon-remove-outline"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="primary">导入 <i class="el-icon-bottom"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="primary">导出 <i class="el-icon-top"></i></el-button>
</div>
<el-table :data="tableData" border stripe :header-cell-class-name="headerBg">
<el-table-column prop="date" label="日期" width="140">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="name" label="姓名" width="120">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="address" label="地址">
</el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="操作" width="200" align="center">
<template slot-scope="scope">
<el-button type="success">编辑 <i class="el-icon-edit"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="danger">删除 <i class="el-icon-remove-outline"></i></el-button>
</template>
</el-table-column>
</el-table>
<div style="padding: 10px 0">
<el-pagination
:page-sizes="[5, 10, 15, 20]"
:page-size="10"
layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper"
:total="400">
</el-pagination>
</div>
</el-main>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'HomeView',
data() {
const item = {
date: '2016-05-02',
name: '王小虎',
address: '上海市普陀区金沙江路 1518 弄'
};
return {
tableData: Array(10).fill(item),
collapseBtnClass: 'el-icon-s-fold',
isCollapse: false,
sideWidth: 200,
logoTextShow: true,
headerBg: 'headerBg'
}
},
methods: {
collapse() { // 点击收缩按钮触发
this.isCollapse = !this.isCollapse
if (this.isCollapse) { // 收缩
this.sideWidth = 64
this.collapseBtnClass = 'el-icon-s-unfold'
this.logoTextShow = false
} else { // 展开
this.sideWidth = 200
this.collapseBtnClass = 'el-icon-s-fold'
this.logoTextShow = true
}
}
}
}
</script>
<style>
.headerBg {
background: #eee!important;
}
</style>
3.3 页面效果展示
总结
- 了解vue启动流程
- 后台布局可参考若依框架,其他页面的设计也可参考
声明
项目源于此地址:程序员青戈
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