项目实战第四记
1.写在前面
- 周末整了一会电脑(加固态,重装系统,环境搭建),累趴le
- 本篇博客需提前了解mysql的分页思想以及axios技术(例如axios如何发起请求,如何传参)
- 分页解析
// 如果每页显示2条记录 pageNum:前端传过来的第几页;pageSize:前端传过来的每页显示多少条记录
SELECT * from sys_user limit 0,2; --第一页
-- (2 -1) * 2 = 2 第一个参数的计算
SELECT * from sys_user limit 2,2; --第二页
-- (3-1)* 2 = 4
SELECT * from sys_user limit 4,2; --第三页
-- 结论: limit第一个参数 = (pageNum - 1) * pageSize
如上图所示,前端给后台了传递页码(pageNum),每页大小(pageSize);后台根据传过来的pageNum和pageSize获取当前页的数据传回给前端显示,同时后台还要计算总记录数(total);根据总条数,前端就晓得显示多少个页码。
2. 后台手动实现分页
注明: 以下文件代码新增的大部分都在后面追加,请读者自己甄别一下下(本人放的是全部代码)
2.1 分页接口UserController编写
package com.ppj.fb.controller;
import com.ppj.fb.entity.User;
import com.ppj.fb.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.ppj.fb.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @author ppj
* @date 2024/04/10
*/
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@GetMapping("/")
public List<User> findAll(){
// return userMapper.findAll();
return userMapper.selectUsers();
}
@PostMapping("/")
public Integer saveOrUpdate(@RequestBody User user){
return userService.saveOrUpdate(user);
}
@DeleteMapping("/{id}")
public Integer delUser(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){
return userMapper.delUser(id);
}
// 分页接口
@GetMapping("/page")
public Map<String,Object> page(@RequestParam Integer pageNum,
@RequestParam Integer pageSize,
@RequestParam String username,
@RequestParam String address){
// 分页第一个参数calc
int start = (pageNum - 1) * pageSize;
// 当前页数据(加了筛选条件)
List<User> users = userMapper.selectPage(start, pageSize,username,address);
// 总条数
int total = userMapper.getTotal(username,address);
// 将数据和总条数封装,传给前端去显示
Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("data",users);
map.put("total",total);
return map;
}
}
2.2 UserMapper
package com.ppj.fb.mapper;
import com.ppj.fb.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author ppj
* @date 2024/04/10
*/
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {
@Select("select * from sys_user")
List<User> findAll();
List<User> selectUsers();
@Insert("insert into sys_user(username,password,nickname,email,phone,address) values (#{username},#{password},#{nickname},#{email},#{phone},#{address})")
Integer saveUser(User user);
// 直接使用灵活的xml文件
Integer updateUser(User user);
@Delete("delete from sys_user where id=#{id}")
Integer delUser(@Param("id") Integer id);
List<User> selectPage(@Param("start") int start, @Param("pageSize") Integer pageSize,@Param("username") String username,@Param("address") String address);
@Select("select count(1) from sys_user where username like concat('%',#{username},'%') and address like concat('%',#{address},'%')")
int getTotal(@Param("username") String username,@Param("address") String address);
}
相应的UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!-- namespace 的值设定为被映射的包名.类名 -->
<mapper namespace="com.ppj.mapper.UserMapper">
<resultMap id="userResultMap" type="com.ppj.entity.User">
<id property="id" column="id"/>
<result property="username" column="username"/>
<result property="password" column="password"/>
<result property="nickname" column="nickname"/>
<result property="email" column="email"/>
<result property="address" column="address"/>
<result property="createTime" column="create_time"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectUsers" resultMap="userResultMap">
select * from sys_user
</select>
<update id="updateUser" parameterType="com.ppj.entity.User">
update sys_user
<set>
<if test="username != null">
username=#{username},
</if>
<if test="nickname != null">
nickname=#{nickname},
</if>
<if test="email != null">
email=#{email},
</if>
<if test="phone != null">
phone=#{phone},
</if>
<if test="address != null">
address=#{address}
</if>
</set>
where id=#{id}
</update>
<select id="selectPage" resultMap="userResultMap">
select * from sys_user
<where>
<if test="username != null">
username like concat('%',#{username},'%')
</if>
<if test="address != null">
and address like concat('%',#{address},'%')
</if>
</where>
limit #{start},#{pageSize}
</select>
</mapper>
2.3 接口测试
- 给数据库添加数据
- 成功的测试结果显示如下
3. 前端页面数据展示
后端接口成功编写,前端开始实现数据展示;在开始写前端,为了将前后端放在一个项目,可以进行如下图操作:
最后项目的结构如下:
3.1 vue安装axios
使用axios发送请求
3.1.1 安装axios
npm i axios -S
3.1.2 创建request.js实现对axios的封装
封装axios可以更好地管理HTTP请求和响应,实现统一的请求处理逻辑、错误处理逻辑、拦截器等功能。
request.js
import axios from 'axios'
const request = axios.create({
baseURL: '/api',
timeout: 5000
})
// request 拦截器
// 可以自请求发送前对请求做一些处理
// 比如统一加token,对请求参数统一加密
request.interceptors.request.use(config => {
config.headers['Content-Type'] = 'application/json;charset=utf-8';
// config.headers['token'] = user.token; // 设置请求头
return config
}, error => {
return Promise.reject(error)
});
// response 拦截器
// 可以在接口响应后统一处理结果
request.interceptors.response.use(
response => {
let res = response.data;
// 如果是返回的文件
if (response.config.responseType === 'blob') {
return res
}
// 兼容服务端返回的字符串数据
if (typeof res === 'string') {
res = res ? JSON.parse(res) : res
}
return res;
},
error => {
console.log('err' + error) // for debug
return Promise.reject(error)
}
)
export default request
3.1.3 main.js引入
import request from '@/utils/request'
Vue.prototype.request=request
// 接下来可以使用this.request发起请求
3.2 HomeView页面编写
<template>
<el-container style="min-height: 100vh">
<el-aside :width="sideWidth + 'px'" style="box-shadow: 2px 0 6px rgba(0, 21, 41, 0.35);">
<el-menu :default-openeds="['1', '3']" style="min-height: 100%; overflow-x: hidden"
background-color="rgb(48, 65, 86)"
text-color="#fff"
active-text-color="#ffd04b"
:collapse-transition="false"
:collapse="isCollapse"
>
<div style="height: 60px; line-height: 60px; text-align: center">
<img src="../assets/logo.png" alt="" style="width: 20px; position: relative; top: 5px; right: 5px">
<b style="color: white" v-show="logoTextShow">后台管理系统</b>
</div>
<el-submenu index="1">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-message"></i>
<span slot="title">导航一</span>
</template>
<el-menu-item-group title="分组2">
<el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item>
</el-menu-item-group>
<el-submenu index="1-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
<el-submenu index="2">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-menu"></i>
<span slot="title">导航二</span>
</template>
<el-submenu index="2-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="2-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
<el-submenu index="3">
<template slot="title">
<i class="el-icon-setting"></i>
<span slot="title">导航三</span>
</template>
<el-submenu index="3-4">
<template slot="title">选项4</template>
<el-menu-item index="3-4-1">选项4-1</el-menu-item>
</el-submenu>
</el-submenu>
</el-menu>
</el-aside>
<el-container>
<el-header style="font-size: 12px; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; line-height: 60px; display: flex">
<div style="flex: 1; font-size: 20px">
<span :class="collapseBtnClass" style="cursor: pointer" @click="collapse"></span>
</div>
<el-dropdown style="width: 70px; cursor: pointer">
<span>王小虎</span><i class="el-icon-arrow-down" style="margin-left: 5px"></i>
<el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown" >
<el-dropdown-item style="font-size: 14px; padding: 5px 0">个人信息</el-dropdown-item>
<el-dropdown-item style="font-size: 14px; padding: 5px 0">退出</el-dropdown-item>
</el-dropdown-menu>
</el-dropdown>
</el-header>
<el-main>
<div style="margin-bottom: 30px">
<el-breadcrumb separator="/">
<el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
<el-breadcrumb-item>用户管理</el-breadcrumb-item>
</el-breadcrumb>
</div>
<div style="margin: 10px 0">
<el-input style="width: 200px" placeholder="请输入名称" suffix-icon="el-icon-search" v-model="username"></el-input>
<el-input style="width: 200px" placeholder="请输入地址" suffix-icon="el-icon-position" class="ml-5" v-model="address"></el-input>
<el-button class="ml-5" type="primary" @click="load">搜索</el-button>
</div>
<div style="margin: 10px 0">
<el-button type="primary">新增 <i class="el-icon-circle-plus-outline"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="danger">批量删除 <i class="el-icon-remove-outline"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="primary">导入 <i class="el-icon-bottom"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="primary">导出 <i class="el-icon-top"></i></el-button>
</div>
<el-table :data="tableData" border stripe :header-cell-class-name="headerBg">
<el-table-column prop="id" label="序号" width="140"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="username" label="用户名" width="140"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="nickname" label="昵称" width="140"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="email" label="邮箱" width="200"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="address" label="地址" width="140"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column prop="createTime" label="创建时间" width="140"></el-table-column>
<el-table-column label="操作" align="center">
<template slot-scope="scope">
<el-button type="success">编辑 <i class="el-icon-edit"></i></el-button>
<el-button type="danger">删除 <i class="el-icon-remove-outline"></i></el-button>
</template>
</el-table-column>
</el-table>
<div style="padding: 10px 0">
<el-pagination
@size-change="handleSizeChange"
@current-change="handleCurrentChange"
:page-sizes="[5, 10]"
:page-size="pageSize"
layout="total, sizes, prev, pager, next, jumper"
:total="total">
</el-pagination>
</div>
</el-main>
</el-container>
</el-container>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'HomeView',
data() {
return {
tableData: [],
pageSize: 5,
total: 0,
pageNum: 1,
username: '',
address: '',
collapseBtnClass: 'el-icon-s-fold',
isCollapse: false,
sideWidth: 200,
logoTextShow: true,
headerBg: 'headerBg'
}
},
created() {
this.load();
},
methods: {
collapse() { // 点击收缩按钮触发
this.isCollapse = !this.isCollapse
if (this.isCollapse) { // 收缩
this.sideWidth = 64
this.collapseBtnClass = 'el-icon-s-unfold'
this.logoTextShow = false
} else { // 展开
this.sideWidth = 200
this.collapseBtnClass = 'el-icon-s-fold'
this.logoTextShow = true
}
},
load(){
this.request.get('http://localhost:9000/user/page',
{
params: {
pageNum: this.pageNum,
pageSize: this.pageSize,
username: this.username,
address: this.address
}
}
).then(res => {
this.tableData = res.data;
this.total = res.total;
})
},
handleSizeChange(val) {
this.pageSize = val;
},
handleCurrentChange(val) {
this.pageNum = val;
this.load();
}
}
}
</script>
<style>
.headerBg {
background: #eee!important;
}
</style>
3.3 前端调用后端插曲(无法直接调用,会报错)
3.3.1 报错原因
在这里前端无法直接访问后端(违背同源策略),如下图所示:
3.3.1 后台处理跨域
跨域前端,后端都可以去处理,本篇文章采取后台处理,项目结构如下,在项目下创建config文件夹存放处理跨域类CorsConfig
CorsConfig.java(解决跨域)
package com.ppj.fb.config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;
import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;
import org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter;
@Configuration
public class CorsConfig {
// 当前跨域请求最大有效时长。这里默认1天
private static final long MAX_AGE = 24 * 60 * 60;
@Bean
public CorsFilter corsFilter() {
UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
CorsConfiguration corsConfiguration = new CorsConfiguration();
corsConfiguration.addAllowedOrigin("*"); // 1 设置访问源地址
corsConfiguration.addAllowedHeader("*"); // 2 设置访问源请求头
corsConfiguration.addAllowedMethod("*"); // 3 设置访问源请求方法
corsConfiguration.setMaxAge(MAX_AGE);
source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", corsConfiguration); // 4 对接口配置跨域设置
return new CorsFilter(source);
}
}
3.4 页面显示
到此页面成功显示如下图所示:
总结
- 在不使用框架,手动实现分页,加深对分页操作理解;
- 可能遇到的问题:前端的项目和后端的项目怎么放在一起(文章有介绍),前端怎么调用后端接口(在调用之前解决跨域问题);
- 带模糊条件分页查询
注明:select * from sys_user where username like concat('%',#{username},'%') limit #{start},#{pageSize}
该SQL的执行顺序是:先进行全表的模糊查询,在这基础上再进行分页操作
声明
项目源于此地址:程序员青戈
写在最后
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