对udp进行connect的特性总结和实践

特新概述：

1:UDP中可以使用connect系统调用


2:UDP中connect操作与TCP中connect操作有着本质区别。


TCP中调用connect会引起三次握手,client与server建立连结.UDP中调用connect内核仅仅把peer端ip:port记录下来.(实现udp和对端socket的绑定，这一点特性是很重要的)


3:UDP中可以多次调用connect,TCP只能调用一次connect.  


UDP多次调用connect有两种用途:1,指定一个新的ip:port连结. 2,断开和之前的ip:port的连结.


指定新连结,直接设置connect第二个参数即可.

断开连结,需要将connect第二个参数中的sin_family设置成 AF_UNSPEC即可. 

4:UDP中使用connect可以提高效率.原因如下:


普通的UDP发送两个报文内核做了如下:#1:建立连结#2:发送报文#3:断开连结#4:建立连结#5:发送报文#6:断开连结


采用connect方式的UDP发送两个报文内核如下处理:#1:建立连结#2:发送报文#3:发送报文另外一点,  每次发送报文内核都由可能要做路由查询.


5:采用connect的UDP发送接受报文可以调用send,write和recv,read操作.当然也可以调用sendto,recvfrom.


调用sendto的时候第五个参数必须是NULL,第六个参数是0.调用recvfrom,recv,read系统调用只能获取到先前connect的ip:port发送的报文. 

实例：

server端代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <netdb.h>

#define BUFLEN 1024 

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {

	struct sockaddr_in peeraddr, localaddr;
	int sockfd;
	char recmsg[BUFLEN];
	int socklen, n, one = 1;

	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if (sockfd < 0) {
		exit(1);
	}

	if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
		exit(1);
	}

	socklen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	memset(&localaddr, 0, socklen);
	localaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	localaddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));

	if (inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &localaddr.sin_addr) <= 0) {
		exit(0);
	}

	if (bind(sockfd, (sockaddr*)&localaddr, socklen) < 0) {
		exit(2);
	}

	int fd;
	fd_set readfds, testfds;
	FD_ZERO(&readfds);
	FD_SET(sockfd, &readfds);

	for(;;){

		testfds = readfds;
		int result = select(FD_SETSIZE, &testfds, NULL, NULL, NULL);
		if (result < 1) {
			exit(1);
		}

		for (fd = 0; fd < FD_SETSIZE; fd++) {

			socklen_t socklen = sizeof(sockaddr_in);
			memset(recmsg, 0, sizeof(recmsg));
			memset(&peeraddr, 0x0, sizeof(sockaddr_in));

			if (FD_ISSET(fd, &testfds)) {

				if (fd == sockfd) {

					n = recvfrom(sockfd, recmsg, sizeof(recmsg), 0, (sockaddr*)&peeraddr, &socklen);
					if (n > 0) {
						printf("new connect\n");
					}

					int newfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
					if (newfd < 0) {
						exit(1);
					}

					if (setsockopt(newfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, &one, sizeof(one)) < 0) {
						exit(2);
					}

					if (bind(newfd, (sockaddr*)&localaddr, socklen) < 0) {
						exit(2);
					}
					
					if(connect(newfd, (sockaddr*)&peeraddr, socklen) < 0) {
						exit(2);
					}

					FD_SET(newfd, &readfds);//将客户端socket加入到集合中
				}
				else {

					n = recvfrom(fd, recmsg, sizeof(recmsg), 0, (sockaddr*)&peeraddr, &socklen);
					if (n > 0) {
						printf("server fd = %d, recv : %s -- szie : %d\n", fd, recmsg, n);
					}

				}
			}
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

client端：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <pthread.h>

#include <netinet/tcp.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <netdb.h>

#define BUFLEN 1024 

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {


	struct sockaddr_in peeraddr;
	int sockfd;
	char recmsg[] = "hello world!";
	int socklen, n;

	sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
	if (sockfd < 0) {
		exit(1);
	}
	socklen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
	memset(&peeraddr, 0, socklen);
	peeraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
	peeraddr.sin_port = htons(atoi(argv[2]));

	if (inet_pton(AF_INET, argv[1], &peeraddr.sin_addr) <= 0) {
		exit(0);
	}

	for (;;) {
		sendto(sockfd, recmsg, strlen(recmsg), 0, (sockaddr*)&peeraddr, socklen);
		sleep(2);
	}
	return 0;
}