【Java】上传图片至阿里云oss服务器,文件上传以及图片base64上传

首先需要在阿里云上开通oss服务，并获取到以下四个信息

• endpoint: 购买的服务器节点地址
• accessKeyId: 接入的keyId
• accessKeySecret: 接入的key秘钥
• bucketName：桶名称,其实也就是一个文件夹

引入maven依赖

<!-- oss的SDK -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.oss</groupId>
    <artifactId>aliyun-sdk-oss</artifactId>
    <version>3.17.4</version>
</dependency>

编写ossUtil

import com.aliyun.oss.OSS;
import com.aliyun.oss.OSSClientBuilder;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import java.io.*;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.UUID;

@Slf4j
@Component
public class OssUtil {

    private static final String endpoint = "https://oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com";
    private static final String accessKeyId = "xxxx";
    private static final String accessKeySecret = "xxxx";
    private static final String bucketName = "bucketName";

    /**
     * 实现上传图片到OSS
     * @param multipartFile file
     * @return 返回访问路径
     */
    public String upload(MultipartFile multipartFile) throws Exception{
        // 获取上传文件的输入流
        InputStream inputStream = multipartFile.getInputStream();
        // 重命名文件,避免文件覆盖
        String fileName = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyyMMddHHmmss")) +"-"+ multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
        return upload(inputStream, fileName);
    }

    /**
     * 上传流到OSS
     * @param inputStream 输入流
     * @param fileName 文件名
     * @return 访问路径
     */
    public String upload(InputStream inputStream,String fileName) {
        // 上传文件到 OSS
        OSS ossClient = new OSSClientBuilder().build(endpoint, accessKeyId, accessKeySecret);
        ossClient.putObject(bucketName,fileName,inputStream);
        // 访问路径: https://[bucketName].[endpointHost]/fileName
        // 例如: https://zifeiyu01-oss.oss-cn-fuzhou.aliyuncs.com/20240220120000-1.jpg
        String url = endpoint.split("//")[0] + "//" + bucketName + "." + endpoint.split("//")[1] + "/" + fileName;
        ossClient.shutdown();
        return url;
    }
	
	/**
     * base64转图片后上传流到OSS
     * @param imgData base64字符串
     * @return 访问路径
     */
    public String uploadBase64(String imgData) {
        // 获取文件扩展名
        String fileExt = "jpeg"; // 默认jpeg
        if (imgData.contains(";")){
            fileExt = imgData.split(";")[0].split("/")[1];
            imgData = imgData.split(",")[1]; //截取base64字符串
        }
        //生成随机文件名
        String fileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-","")+"."+fileExt;
        return upload(base64StringToInputStream(imgData),fileName);
    }
	
	/**
     * base64转字节数组输入流
     * 不生成本地图片,可直接用于上传OSS
     * @param imgData base64字符串
     */
    public static ByteArrayInputStream base64StringToInputStream(String base64String) {
        // 解码Base64字符串
        byte[] decodedBytes = Base64.decodeBase64(base64String);

        // 创建ByteArrayInputStream
        return new ByteArrayInputStream(decodedBytes);
    }

	// 测试base64转图片
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        OssUtil ossUtil = new OssUtil();
        String s = ossUtil.uploadBase64("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");
        System.out.println("访问路径:"+s);
    }

}

编写Controller

import com.zxh.ip.dto.UploadReq;
import com.zxh.ip.utils.OssUtil;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

@RequestMapping("/upload")
@RestController
public class UploadController {

    @Resource
    private OssUtil ossUtil;

    @PostMapping("/base64")
    public String upload(@RequestBody UploadReq req) throws Exception {
        return ossUtil.uploadBase64(req.getBase64ImgData());
    }

    @PostMapping("/file")
    public String upload(MultipartFile file) throws Exception {
        return ossUtil.upload(file);
    }
}

@Data
public class UploadReq {
    private String base64ImgData;
}

使用接口工具进行测试

测试表单文件上传

测试base64文件上传

在OSS服务也可看到图片上传成功。