实验拓扑:
实验要求:
1、AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告;
AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要求这两个环回可以ping通;
2、整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,请合理划分;并且其内部配置OSPF协议;
3、AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制;
4、使用BGP协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问;
5、减少路由条目数量,避免环路出现;
实验思路:
- 划分配置IP地址;
- OSPF建邻;
- AS 2内部BGP建邻,分为IBGP建邻和EBGP建邻,先完成IBGP建邻,再完成EBGP建邻;
- AS 1与AS 2、AS 2与AS 3之间BGP建邻;
- 宣告路由,修改下一跳,设置路由反射器;
- 创建空接口防环;
- 创建隧道,连接R1、R8的环回;
实验步骤:
1、配置IP地址
R1:
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
R2:
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.0 30
R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32
R3:
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
R4:
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
R5:
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
R6:
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
R7:
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
R8:
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 32
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
检测:[R5]dis ip int brief
2、OSPF建邻
AS2内部通过OSPF实现网络互通,因为AS2内部都是基于172.16.0.0/16来划分的网段,所以可以直接宣告大网段:network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R4:
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R5:
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
检测:OSPF建邻
3、AS 2内部IBGP建邻
由题意,R2、R3、R4属于64512区域,R5、R6、R7属于64513区域
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
R4:
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
R5:
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l 0
R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as-number 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
4、AS 2内部EBGP建邻
R2:
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 ebgp-max-hop
R4:
[R4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as-number 64513
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 ebgp-max-hop
R5:
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as-number 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 ebgp-max-hop
R7:
[R7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as-number 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 ebgp-max-hop
5、AS 1与AS 2、AS 2与AS 3之间BGP建邻;
R1:
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R8:
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.1 as-number 2
检测:dis bgp peer
6、宣告路由,设置下一跳为本机
R1:
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]net 172.16.0.1 32
R8:
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]net 172.16.0.8 32
下一跳为本机
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 next-hop-local
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 next-hop-lo
R3、R6设置为路由反射器
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client
R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client
7、配置空接口,防止环路产生
R2:
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
R7:
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
8、创建隧道,连接R1和R8的另一个环回
R1:
[R1]int t0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 192.168.1.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]description 192.168.2.8
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 192.168.3.2
R8:
[R8]int t0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip add 192.168.3.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 192.168.2.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]description 192.168.1.1
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 192.168.3.1
检测: