恶补java基础之--反射Reflect

认识反射首先要理解class对象。jvm将我们的.class文件读入内存中，并自动创建一个与之对应的class对象。一个.class只会创建一个class对象。如下图，从其他地方copy来的：

创建class对象的方法有以下三种。

//反射就是把java类中的各种成分映射成一个个的Java对象
System.out.println(Rstudent.class == Class.forName("com.allen.trainning.reflect.Rstudent"));
System.out.println(Rstudent.class == new Rstudent("").getClass());

 执行结果：

具体实例，直接上代码：

com.allen.trainning.reflect.Rstudent 用来被反射调用的类。

package com.allen.trainning.reflect;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Rstudent {
    public String name = "Bill";
    public BigDecimal money = new BigDecimal("10000000");
    private String accountNumber = "999908998600";

    public Rstudent() {
    }

    public Rstudent(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    private Rstudent(BigDecimal money) {
        this.money = money;
    }

    public String toString() {
        return name + " " + money + " " + accountNumber;
    }

    public void printName() {
        System.out.println("name is" + name);
    }

    private void setAccountNumber(String accountNumber) {
        this.accountNumber = accountNumber;
        System.out.println("accountNumber is" + accountNumber);
    }

    private void printAccountNumber() {
        System.out.println("accountNumber is" + accountNumber);
    }

}

com.allen.trainning.reflect.ReflectConstructorMain.java 对（包括私有）构造方法的获取和调用。

package com.allen.trainning.reflect;

import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class ReflectConstructorMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException,
            IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException {

        //反射就是把java类中的各种成分映射成一个个的Java对象
        System.out.println(Rstudent.class == Class.forName("com.allen.trainning.reflect.Rstudent"));
        System.out.println(Rstudent.class == new Rstudent("").getClass());
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //所有"公有的"构造方法
        Class classObject = Class.forName("com.allen.trainning.reflect.Rstudent");
        Constructor[] constructors = classObject.getConstructors();
        for (Constructor constructor : constructors) {
            System.out.println("public only -- " + constructor);
        }
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //获取所有的构造方法(包括私有)
        Constructor[] pconstructors = classObject.getDeclaredConstructors();
        for (Constructor constructor : pconstructors) {
            System.out.println("all constructors -- " + constructor);
        }
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //获取单个公的方法，并调用
        Constructor sconstructor = classObject.getConstructor(String.class);
        Rstudent student = (Rstudent) sconstructor.newInstance("Allen");
        System.out.println("got student -- " + student.name);
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //获取单个的私有构造方法，并调用
        Constructor psconstructor = classObject.getDeclaredConstructor(BigDecimal.class);
        psconstructor.setAccessible(true);
        Rstudent pstudent = (Rstudent) psconstructor.newInstance(new BigDecimal("90000000.989"));
        System.out.println("got money -- " + pstudent.money);
    }
}

执行结果：

com.allen.trainning.reflect.ReflectPropertiesMain.java 对（包括私有）属性的获取和设置值。

package com.allen.trainning.reflect;

import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;

public class ReflectPropertiesMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException,
            IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, NoSuchFieldException {

        //所有"公有的"属性
        Class classObject = Class.forName("com.allen.trainning.reflect.Rstudent");
        Field[] fields = classObject.getFields();
        for (Field field : fields) {
            System.out.println(field.getName());
        }
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //所有"公有的"属性
        Field[] pfields = classObject.getDeclaredFields();
        for (Field field : pfields) {
            System.out.println(field.getName());
        }
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //获取，设置"非私有的"属性
        Rstudent student = (Rstudent) classObject.getConstructor(null).newInstance();
        Field name = classObject.getField("name");
        System.out.println(name.get(student));
        name.set(student, "little Bill");
        System.out.println(name.get(student));
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //获取，设置"私有的"属性
        Field accountNumber = classObject.getDeclaredField("accountNumber");
        accountNumber.setAccessible(true);
        System.out.println(accountNumber.get(student));
        accountNumber.set(student, "888888888888");
        System.out.println(accountNumber.get(student));
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");
    }
}

执行结果： 

com.allen.trainning.reflect.ReflectMethodMain.java 对（包括私有）方法的获取和调用。

package com.allen.trainning.reflect;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

public class ReflectMethodMain {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws ClassNotFoundException, NoSuchMethodException,
            IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, InstantiationException, NoSuchFieldException {

        //所有"公有的"方法，包括父类的，父接口的
        Class classObject = Class.forName("com.allen.trainning.reflect.Rstudent");
        Method[] methods = classObject.getMethods();
        for (Method method : methods) {
            System.out.println(method);
        }
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //所有"本类"方法，包括私有的
        Method[] pmethods = classObject.getDeclaredMethods();
        for (Method method : pmethods) {
            System.out.println(method);
        }
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

        //获取，调用所有类型的方法
        Rstudent student = (Rstudent) classObject.getConstructor(null).newInstance(null);
        Method nameMethod = classObject.getMethod("printName", null);
        nameMethod.invoke(student, null);

        Method printAcctMethod = classObject.getDeclaredMethod("printAccountNumber", null);
        printAcctMethod.setAccessible(true);
        printAcctMethod.invoke(student, null);

        Method setAcctMethod = classObject.getDeclaredMethod("setAccountNumber", String.class);
        setAcctMethod.setAccessible(true);
        setAcctMethod.invoke(student, "999999999999");

        printAcctMethod.invoke(student, null);
        System.out.println("=====================================================================");

    }
}

执行结果： 

 

 

参考： https://blog.csdn.net/lwl20140904/article/details/80163880