C++重载操作符的简单实例

 

/*
 *重载操作符的简单学习实例，参考《C++ Primer》
 *重载操作符要求：必须具有一个类类型的操作数，
 *优先级与结合性是固定的，不在具有短路求值特性
**/

#include <iostream>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::endl;

class Point{
public:
	Point(int tx = 0, int ty = 0):x(tx), y(ty){};
	Point& operator++();   //前缀操作
	Point operator++(int); //后缀操作
	Point& operator+=(const Point&);//成员函数
	
public: //重载操作符
	friend std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, Point& pt);
	friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Point& pt);
	friend Point operator+(const Point&, const Point&);

private:
	int x, y;
};

Point& Point::operator++()
{
	x++, y++;
	return *this;//返回改变后的值
}

Point Point::operator++(int)
{
	Point tmp(*this);
	++*this;
	return tmp;//返回改变前的值
}

Point& Point::operator+=(const Point& pt)
{
	x += pt.x;
	y += pt.y;
	return *this;
}

Point operator+(const Point& a, const Point& b)
{
	Point tmp(a);
	tmp += b;
	return tmp; //返回使用默认的复制构造函数
}

std::istream& operator>>(std::istream& in, Point& pt)
{
	in>>pt.x>>pt.y;
	return in;
}

std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const Point& pt)
{
	os<<pt.x<<' '<<pt.y;
	return os;
}

int main()
{
	Point a(0, 0), b;
	cin>>b;
	cout<<b++<<"; "<<++b<<endl;
	cout<<a+b<<endl;//显式调用格式为 operator+(a, b);
	a += b; //显式调用格式为 a.operator+=(b);
	cout<<a<<endl;
}
/*
输入为 1 1 时输出
2 2; 3 3
3 3
3 3
*/