参考至：http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaowenji/archive/2010/12/08/1900579.html
http://android.amberfog.com/?p=296
ListView 和 Adapter 的基础
工作原理:
- ListView 针对List中每个item，要求 adapter “给我一个视图” (getView)。
- 一个新的视图被返回并显示
如果我们有上亿个项目要显示怎么办？为每个项目创建一个新视图？NO!这不可能！
实际上Android为你缓存了视图。
Android中有个叫做Recycler的构件，下图是他的工作原理：
id="iframe_0.7135195229440301" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://android.amberfog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/listview_recycler.jpg?_=1900579%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:733px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.7135195229440301',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 733px; height: 501px;">
- 如果你有10亿个项目(item)，其中只有可见的项目存在内存中，其他的在Recycler中。
- ListView先请求一个type1视图(getView)然后请求其他可见的项目。convertView在getView中是空(null)的。
- 当item1滚出屏幕，并且一个新的项目从屏幕低端上来时，ListView再请求一个type1视图。convertView此时不是空值了，它的值是item1。你只需设定新的数据然后返回convertView，不必重新创建一个视图。
请看下面的示例代码，这里在getView中使用了System.out进行输出
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
|
public
class
MultipleItemsList
extends
ListActivity {
private
MyCustomAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
public
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mAdapter =
new
MyCustomAdapter();
for
(
int
i =
0
; i <
50
; i++) {
mAdapter.addItem(
"item "
+ i);
}
setListAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private
class
MyCustomAdapter
extends
BaseAdapter {
private
ArrayList mData =
new
ArrayList();
private
LayoutInflater mInflater;
public
MyCustomAdapter() {
mInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
}
public
void
addItem(
final
String item) {
mData.add(item);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
public
int
getCount() {
return
mData.size();
}
@Override
public
String getItem(
int
position) {
return
mData.get(position);
}
@Override
public
long
getItemId(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
@Override
public
View getView(
int
position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
System.out.println(
"getView "
+ position +
" "
+ convertView);
ViewHolder holder =
null
;
if
(convertView ==
null
) {
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item1,
null
);
holder =
new
ViewHolder();
holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
convertView.setTag(holder);
}
else
{
holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
holder.textView.setText(mData.get(position));
return
convertView;
}
}
public
static
class
ViewHolder {
public
TextView textView;
}
}
|
执行程序，然后在Logcat中查看日志
id="iframe_0.4366246231330404" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://android.amberfog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/001.png?_=1900579%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:733px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.4366246231330404',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 320px; height: 480px;">
getView 被调用 9 次 ，convertView 对于所有的可见项目是空值（如下）
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.559
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
0
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.570
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
1
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.589
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
2
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.599
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
3
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.619
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
4
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.629
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
5
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.708
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
6
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.719
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
7
null
02
-
05
13
:
47
:
32.729
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
8
null
|
然后稍微向下滚动List，直到item10出现：
id="iframe_0.5743887229283953" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://android.amberfog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/002.png?_=1900579%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:733px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.5743887229283953',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 320px; height: 480px;">
convertView仍然是空值，因为recycler中没有视图（item1的边缘仍然可见，在顶端）
02
-
05
13
:
48
:
25.169
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
9
null
|
再滚动List
id="iframe_0.381619889121688" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://android.amberfog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/003.png?_=1900579%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:733px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.381619889121688',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 320px; height: 480px;">
convertView不是空值了！item1离开屏幕到Recycler中去了，然后item11被创建
02
-
05
13
:
48
:
42.879
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
10
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437430f8
|
再滚动：
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.069
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
11
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437447d0
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.142
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
12
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43744ff8
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.279
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
13
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43743fa8
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.350
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
14
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43745820
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.429
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
15
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43746048
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.550
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
16
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43746870
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.669
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
17
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43747098
02
-
05
14
:
01
:
31.839
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
18
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437478c0
02
-
05
14
:
03
:
30.900
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
19
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43748df0
02
-
05
14
:
03
:
32.069
: INFO/System.out(
947
): getView
20
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437430f8
|
convertView 如我们所期待的非空了，在item11离开屏幕之后，它的视图(@437430f8)作为convertView容纳item21了
不同的项目布局(item layout)
我们再举一个稍微复杂的例子，在上例的list中加入一些分隔线
你需要做这些:
- 重(@Override)写 getViewTypeCount() – 返回你有多少个不同的布局
- 重写 getItemViewType(int) – 由position返回view type id
- 根据view item的类型，在getView中创建正确的convertView
以下是代码：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
|
public
class
MultipleItemsList
extends
ListActivity {
private
MyCustomAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
public
void
onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super
.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
mAdapter =
new
MyCustomAdapter();
for
(
int
i =
1
; i <
50
; i++) {
mAdapter.addItem(
"item "
+ i);
if
(i %
4
==
0
) {
mAdapter.addSeparatorItem(
"separator "
+ i);
}
}
setListAdapter(mAdapter);
}
private
class
MyCustomAdapter
extends
BaseAdapter {
private
static
final
int
TYPE_ITEM =
0
;
private
static
final
int
TYPE_SEPARATOR =
1
;
private
static
final
int
TYPE_MAX_COUNT = TYPE_SEPARATOR +
1
;
private
ArrayList mData =
new
ArrayList();
private
LayoutInflater mInflater;
private
TreeSet mSeparatorsSet =
new
TreeSet();
public
MyCustomAdapter() {
mInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
}
public
void
addItem(
final
String item) {
mData.add(item);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
public
void
addSeparatorItem(
final
String item) {
mData.add(item);
// save separator position
mSeparatorsSet.add(mData.size() -
1
);
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@Override
public
int
getItemViewType(
int
position) {
return
mSeparatorsSet.contains(position) ? TYPE_SEPARATOR : TYPE_ITEM;
}
@Override
public
int
getViewTypeCount() {
return
TYPE_MAX_COUNT;
}
@Override
public
int
getCount() {
return
mData.size();
}
@Override
public
String getItem(
int
position) {
return
mData.get(position);
}
@Override
public
long
getItemId(
int
position) {
return
position;
}
@Override
public
View getView(
int
position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
ViewHolder holder =
null
;
int
type = getItemViewType(position);
System.out.println(
"getView "
+ position +
" "
+ convertView +
" type = "
+ type);
if
(convertView ==
null
) {
holder =
new
ViewHolder();
switch
(type) {
case
TYPE_ITEM:
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item1,
null
);
holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.text);
break
;
case
TYPE_SEPARATOR:
convertView = mInflater.inflate(R.layout.item2,
null
);
holder.textView = (TextView)convertView.findViewById(R.id.textSeparator);
break
;
}
convertView.setTag(holder);
}
else
{
holder = (ViewHolder)convertView.getTag();
}
holder.textView.setText(mData.get(position));
return
convertView;
}
}
public
static
class
ViewHolder {
public
TextView textView;
}
}
|
运行程序，你会看到每4个item一个分割线
id="iframe_0.06261059667216196" src="data:text/html;charset=utf8,%3Cimg%20id=%22img%22%20src=%22http://android.amberfog.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/004.png?_=1900579%22%20style=%22border:none;max-width:733px%22%3E%3Cscript%3Ewindow.onload%20=%20function%20()%20%7Bvar%20img%20=%20document.getElementById('img');%20window.parent.postMessage(%7BiframeId:'iframe_0.06261059667216196',width:img.width,height:img.height%7D,%20'http://www.cnblogs.com');%7D%3C/script%3E" frameborder="0" scrolling="no" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border-width: initial; border-style: none; width: 320px; height: 480px;">
看看日志，无异常，所有的convertView都是空的
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.080
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
0
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.112
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
1
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.130
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
2
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.141
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
3
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.160
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
4
null
type =
1
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.170
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
5
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.180
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
6
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.190
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
7
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.210
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
8
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
03.210
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
9
null
type =
1
|
滚动list：
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
54.160
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
10
null
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
19
:
57.440
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
11
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43744528
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
01.310
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
12
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43744eb0
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
01.880
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
13
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437456d8
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
02.869
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
14
null
type =
1
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
06.489
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
15
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43745f00
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
07.749
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
16
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43747170
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
10.250
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
17
android.widget.LinearLayout
@43747998
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
11.661
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
18
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437481c0
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
13.180
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
19
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437468a0
type =
1
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
16.900
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
20
android.widget.LinearLayout
@437489e8
type =
0
02
-
05
15
:
20
:
25.690
: INFO/System.out(
1035
): getView
21
android.widget.LinearLayout
@4374a8d8
type =
0
|
convertView对于分割线是空的，直到第一个可见分割线离开屏幕，视图去到Recycler并且convertView开始起作用。
扫一扫
340
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
