【Git版本控制 04】标签管理

目录

一、创建标签

二、查看标签

三、推送标签

四、删除标签

---

一、创建标签

标签tag，是对某次 commit 的⼀个标识，相当于起了⼀个别名。

相较于难以记住的 commit id ， tag 很好的解决这个问题，因为 tag ⼀定要给⼀个让⼈容易记住，且有意义的名字。当我们需要回退到某个重要版本时，直接使⽤标签就能很快定位到。

# 切换到需要打标签的分支上，用 git tag [name] 给分支打标签
# 用 git tag 查看标签

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git branch
* master
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag
v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]#

# 默认标签是打在最新提交的 commit 上，我们也可以指定 commit id 打标签

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git log --pretty=oneline --abbrev-commit
8d78346 add files: file.ini file.so
1ccab43 Git在线修改 file1.
ec3bb79 add first file
dd56a90 Initial commit
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag v0.0 1ccab43
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag
v0.0
v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]#

二、查看标签

git tag 查看标签不是按时间顺序列出，而是按字母排列的。

# git show [tagname] 查看标签具体信息

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git show v0.0
commit 1ccab432720ac02588358ed4c7054d1f96a03291
Author: 命运on9 <1210451061@qq.com>
Date:   Wed Feb 7 08:02:08 2024 +0000

    Git在线修改 file1.
    
    Signed-off-by: 命运on9 <1210451061@qq.com>

diff --git a/file1 b/file1
index 8d0e412..00eb667 100644
--- a/file1
+++ b/file1
@@ -1 +1,2 @@
 hello git
+Git 在线修改!
\ No newline at end of file
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]#

# Git还提供可以创建带有说明的标签，⽤-a指定标签名，-m指定说明⽂字
# 格式为：git tag -a [name] -m "XXX" [commit_id]

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# tree .git
.git
├── branches
├── COMMIT_EDITMSG
├── config
├── description
├── FETCH_HEAD
├── HEAD
├── hooks
│   ├── applypatch-msg.sample
│   ├── commit-msg.sample
│   ├── post-update.sample
│   ├── pre-applypatch.sample
│   ├── pre-commit.sample
│   ├── prepare-commit-msg.sample
│   ├── pre-push.sample
│   ├── pre-rebase.sample
│   └── update.sample
├── index
├── info
│   └── exclude
├── logs
│   ├── HEAD
│   └── refs
│       ├── heads
│       │   └── master
│       └── remotes
│           └── origin
│               ├── HEAD
│               └── master
├── objects
│   ├── 00
│   │   └── eb6679fe92307b0f6f582f036da3694817c35f
│   ├── 1c
│   │   └── cab432720ac02588358ed4c7054d1f96a03291
│   ├── 78
│   │   └── 4d778d166192ed8c2bf9443ae3765a83e17a33
│   ├── 8d
│   │   ├── 0e41234f24b6da002d962a26c2495ea16a425f
│   │   └── 78346e75380738d1aa190988ce310f109522e7
│   ├── 96
│   │   └── c7dd0e5376c33df611fce289241c1da2c5c826
│   ├── c3
│   │   └── 14d4d60463feca795fcc83b2b314a12d408787
│   ├── e7
│   │   └── 2ce89ba7ed78350231db5b72d2807a3cfbd56a
│   ├── ec
│   │   └── 3bb79ba9580fb15ecaeb21efb7391c11dd36d2
│   ├── info
│   └── pack
│       ├── pack-3ab36bb2fcbccbe256351f785976fe27f9fb5bf8.idx
│       └── pack-3ab36bb2fcbccbe256351f785976fe27f9fb5bf8.pack
├── ORIG_HEAD
├── packed-refs
└── refs
    ├── heads
    │   └── master
    ├── remotes
    │   └── origin
    │       ├── HEAD
    │       └── master
    └── tags
        ├── v0.0
        └── v1.0

24 directories, 38 files
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]#

三、推送标签

# 将标签推送到远程仓库

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag
v0.0
v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git push origin v1.0
Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
remote: Powered by GITEE.COM [1.1.5]
remote: Set trace flag 724b2093
To git@gitee.com:hdu-a-chao/git-learning.git
 * [new tag]         v1.0 -> v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# 

四、删除标签

# 如果标签打错了，可以用 git tag -d [tagname] 删除标签

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag -d v0.0
已删除 tag 'v0.0'（曾为 1ccab43）
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag
v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]#

# 如果已经将标签推送到远程仓库，想要删除标签怎么办？
# 先在本地仓库删除，再将本地仓库推送到远程仓库

(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag
v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git tag -d v1.0
已删除 tag 'v1.0'（曾为 8d78346）
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]# git push origin :refs/tags/v1.0
remote: Powered by GITEE.COM [1.1.5]
remote: Set trace flag 274a87aa
To git@gitee.com:hdu-a-chao/git-learning.git
 - [deleted]         v1.0
(base) [root@localhost git-learning]#