文件操作——with open+文件持久化

1. 流操作

   '''
    with open() as 名字:
       相关的流操作
    只要缩进内容不结束则流也不会结束
   
   '''
   with open('../files/a1.txt', mode='rt') as read_stream:
       # 读取内容
       content = read_stream.read()
       # 创建写的流
       with open('../files/a2.txt', mode='w') as write_stream:
           # 把读取的内容写到write_stream流中
           write_stream.write(content)
       print('内容复制完毕！')
   print('over')
   
   with open('../files/a4.txt') as read_stream:
       pos = read_stream.tell()
       print('pos:', pos)
       content = read_stream.read(4)
       print(content)
       pos = read_stream.tell()  # 获取光标位置
       print('pos:', pos)
       read_stream.seek(10)
       pos = read_stream.tell()
       print('pos:', pos)
       content = read_stream.read()
       print(content)

    

2. 持久化练习—名片系统

   # 添加名片
   def add_card():
       new_name = input("请输入姓名:")
       new_tel = input("请输入手机号:")
       new_qq = input("请输入QQ:")
       # 查询手机号码是否唯一
       isRecord = search_card(new_tel)
       if isRecord:
           print('此手机号码已被注册！')
       else:
           with open('../files/cards.txt', 'a') as wstream:
               card_str = new_name + ',' + new_tel + ',' + new_qq + '\n'
               wstream.write(card_str)
   
           print('{}成功加入名片系统'.format(new_name))
   
   
   # 根据手机号码去文件中查询
   def search_card(tel):
       # 找到相同的手机号True，否则返回False
       with open('../files/cards.txt') as rstream:
           content = rstream.readline()  # content是一个字符串类型
           while content:  # '' None --->False  '....'---->True
               card_msg = content.split(',')  # [zhangsan,1738829839,8495893]
               if card_msg[1] == tel:
                   return True
               # 继续读取下一行内容
               content = rstream.readline()
       return False
   
   
   def select_card():
       # 读取cards.txt中文件内容
       with open('../files/cards.txt') as rstream:
           content = rstream.read()
       print(content)
   
   
   def del_card(tel):
       isRecord = search_card(tel)
       if isRecord:
           temp_list = []
           # 存在则删除
           with open('../files/cards.txt') as rstream:
               content = rstream.readline()
               while content:
   
                   card_msg = content.split(',')  # [zhangsan,1738829839,8495893]
                   if card_msg[1] != tel:
                       temp_list.append(content)
                   # 继续读取下一行内容
                   content = rstream.readline()
           with open('../files/cards.txt', 'w') as wstream:
               wstream.writelines(temp_list)
   
       else:
           print('不存在此手机号')
   
   
   def update_card(tel):
       # 手机号码是唯一标识不能修改其他可以修改
       isRecord = search_card(tel)
       if isRecord:
           # 声明新的列表用于保存读取的每行信息
           temp_list = []
           # 存在则修改
           with open('../files/cards.txt') as rstream:
               content = rstream.readline()
               while content:
                   card_msg = content.split(',')  # [zhangsan,1738829839,8495893]
                   # 如果手机号码相等
                   if card_msg[1] == tel:
                       # 打印手机号码信息
                       print('手机号码:{}的名片信息如下:'.format(tel))
                       print(content)
                       # 收入更新后信息
                       name = input('请输入要修改的用户名(空为不修改):')
                       qq = input('请输入要修改的QQ(空为不修改):')
                       # 判断name是否为空
                       if name:
                           card_msg[0] = name
                       # 判断qq是否为空
                       if qq:
                           card_msg[2] = qq
                       # 拼接修改后的列表
                       content = ','.join(card_msg)
                   # 将行信息写入列表
                   temp_list.append(content)
                   # 继续读取下一行内容
                   content = rstream.readline()
           with open('../files/cards.txt', 'w') as wstream:
               wstream.writelines(temp_list)
   
       else:
           print('不存在此手机号')
   
   
   # 入口函数
   def main():
       print('-------名片管理系统---------')
       while True:
           choice = input('请选择功能：1.添加名片 2.删除名片 3.修改名片 4.查询名片 5.退出\n')
           if choice == '1':
               # 添加名片
               print('------------添加名片--------------')
               add_card()
           elif choice == '2':
               print('------------删除名片--------------')
               tel = input('输入要删除名片的手机号码:')
               del_card(tel)
           elif choice == '3':
               print('------------修改名片--------------')
               tel = input('输入要删除名片的手机号码:')
               update_card(tel)
           elif choice == '4':
               print('------------查询名片--------------')
               select_card()
           elif choice == '5':
               print('正在退出名片系统....')
               print('退出完毕！')
               break
           else:
               pass
   
   
   main()
   # flag = search_card('15866669999')
   # print(flag)