Java中编写自定义异常类，完成栈满压栈异常，栈空出栈异常

测试代码：

public class Test13 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 创建自定义异常类的实例，并不抛出，测试自定义异常类
        /*MyStackOperatorException e = new MyStackOperatorException("栈操作有误");
        String msg = e.getMessage();
        System.out.println(msg);  // 栈操作有误
        e.printStackTrace();  // exception.MyStackOperatorException: 栈操作有误
        // at exception.Test13.main(Test13.java:23)*/

        // 自定义异常完成栈满压栈异常，栈空出栈异常
        try {
            MyStack stack = new MyStack(5);

            stack.push(1);
            stack.push(2);
            stack.push(3);
            stack.push(4);
            stack.push(5);
            // 已压栈5次，下面必出异常
            stack.push(6);

        } catch (MyStackOperatorException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

// 自定义异常类
class MyStackOperatorException extends Exception {
    public MyStackOperatorException() {
    }
    public MyStackOperatorException(String s) {
        super(s);
    }
}

// 自定义栈，能存储任意引用类型
class MyStack {
    //栈数组
    private Object[] elements;
    //栈长度
    private int length;
    //栈针
    private int index;

    //外部只能读取 栈的大小 和 栈针的位置
    public int getLength() {
        return length;
    }
    public int getIndex() {
        return index;
    }

    //只给一个参数的构造方法，要求确定栈数组的大小
    public MyStack(int length) throws MyStackOperatorException {
        //假设栈的长度不能超过100
        if (length <= 0 || length >= 100){
            throw new MyStackOperatorException("栈长度不合法，创建失败");
        }
        this.length = length;
        this.index = 0;
        elements = new Object[length];
        System.out.println("成功初始化长度为" + length + "的栈");
    }

    //压栈
    void push(Object obj) throws MyStackOperatorException{
        if (index == length) {
            throw new MyStackOperatorException("栈已存满，压栈失败");
        }
        elements[index] = obj;
        index++;
        System.out.println("压栈成功，栈中已存储" + index + "个数据");
    }

    //出栈
    Object pop() throws MyStackOperatorException {
        if (index == 0) {
            throw new MyStackOperatorException("栈是空的，出栈失败");
        }
        index--;
        System.out.println("出栈成功，栈中剩余" + index + "个数据");
        return elements[index];
    }
}

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