(本文代码已升级至Swift3)
下面通过一个例子将联系人数据保存到沙盒的“
documents”目录中。(联系人是一个数组集合,内部为自定义对象)。
--- DataModel.swift ---
--- UserInfo.swift ---
1,样例功能
(1)点击“保存”将联系人存入
userList.plist 文件中
(2)点击“读取”从数据文件中加载解析出联系人
2,注意事项
(1)本例使用了
NSCoder,这个封装了许多技术细节,使用它我们可以很轻易的将对象写到文件中,也可以用它将文件中的对象转换回来。
(2)自定义对象必须添加如下两个方法,这个才能顺利的被序列化编码存储和读取。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
//从object解析回来
required
init
(coder decoder:
NSCoder
) {
self
.name = decoder.decodeObject(forKey:
"Name"
)
as
?
String
??
""
self
.phone = decoder.decodeObject(forKey:
"Phone"
)
as
?
String
??
""
}
//编码成object
func
encode(with coder:
NSCoder
) {
coder.encode(name, forKey:
"Name"
)
coder.encode(phone, forKey:
"Phone"
)
}
|
3,样例代码
--- ViewController.swift ---
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
|
import
UIKit
class
ViewController
:
UIViewController
{
var
dataModel =
DataModel
()
override
func
viewDidLoad() {
super
.viewDidLoad()
//初始化模拟数据
onCreateData()
}
//创建模拟数据
func
onCreateData(){
dataModel.userList.append(
UserInfo
(name:
"张三"
, phone:
"1234"
))
dataModel.userList.append(
UserInfo
(name:
"李四"
, phone:
"1212"
))
dataModel.userList.append(
UserInfo
(name:
"航歌"
, phone:
"3525"
))
}
//保存数据
@IBAction
func
saveData(_ sender:
AnyObject
) {
dataModel.saveData()
print
(
"保存成功!"
)
}
//读取数据
@IBAction
func
loadData(_ sender:
AnyObject
) {
dataModel.loadData()
print
(
"读取成功!"
, dataModel.userList)
}
override
func
didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
super
.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
}
}
|
--- DataModel.swift ---
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
|
import
UIKit
class
DataModel
:
NSObject
{
var
userList = [
UserInfo
]()
override
init
(){
super
.
init
()
print
(
"沙盒文件夹路径:\(documentsDirectory())"
)
print
(
"数据文件路径:\(dataFilePath())"
)
}
//保存数据
func
saveData() {
let
data =
NSMutableData
()
//申明一个归档处理对象
let
archiver =
NSKeyedArchiver
(forWritingWith: data)
//将lists以对应Checklist关键字进行编码
archiver.encode(userList, forKey:
"userList"
)
//编码结束
archiver.finishEncoding()
//数据写入
data.write(toFile: dataFilePath(), atomically:
true
)
}
//读取数据
func
loadData() {
//获取本地数据文件地址
let
path =
self
.dataFilePath()
//声明文件管理器
let
defaultManager =
FileManager
()
//通过文件地址判断数据文件是否存在
if
defaultManager.fileExists(atPath: path) {
//读取文件数据
let
url =
URL
(fileURLWithPath: path)
let
data = try!
Data
(contentsOf: url)
//解码器
let
unarchiver =
NSKeyedUnarchiver
(forReadingWith: data)
//通过归档时设置的关键字Checklist还原lists
userList = unarchiver.decodeObject(forKey:
"userList"
)
as
!
Array
//结束解码
unarchiver.finishDecoding()
}
}
//获取沙盒文件夹路径
func
documentsDirectory()->
String
{
let
paths =
NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains
(.documentDirectory,
.userDomainMask,
true
)
let
documentsDirectory = paths.first!
return
documentsDirectory
}
//获取数据文件地址
func
dataFilePath ()->
String
{
return
self
.documentsDirectory().appendingFormat(
"/userList.plist"
)
}
}
|
--- UserInfo.swift ---
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
|
import
UIKit
class
UserInfo
:
NSObject
,
NSCoding
{
var
name:
String
var
phone:
String
//构造方法
required
init
(name:
String
=
""
, phone:
String
=
""
) {
self
.name = name
self
.phone = phone
}
//从object解析回来
required
init
(coder decoder:
NSCoder
) {
self
.name = decoder.decodeObject(forKey:
"Name"
)
as
?
String
??
""
self
.phone = decoder.decodeObject(forKey:
"Phone"
)
as
?
String
??
""
}
//编码成object
func
encode(with coder:
NSCoder
) {
coder.encode(name, forKey:
"Name"
)
coder.encode(phone, forKey:
"Phone"
)
}
}
|
4,运行效果
(1)点击“保存”按后,可以看到应用的 documents 目录下便新建了个 userList.plist 文件。
(2)打开
userList.plist 文件,可以看到联系人数据已经成功保存到里面了。