git小抄[ZZ]

半年前給项目组写过一个git小抄[1]，今天boboyang问起git的服务器设置和如何用git做团队内文档协作共享，我就把那份小抄稍作整理发给他，顺便贴在这里，或许也能有用。


0. git init: to create a git repository as a central server
#创建一个git库作为中心服务器节点。其实git是分布式的，可以不用中心节点，但有中心节点的模式对习惯于cvs、svn等工具的同学来说较易理解。


> mkdir myrepo.git && cd myrepo.git
> git init --bare


1. git clone: to check out the src
＃从服务器克隆一个git库到本地


> cd /my/working/area
> git clone /path/to/myrepo.git
#此处假设myrepo.git夜是在当前这台机器上。如果是在另一台机器上，则需要git clone ssh://the.server.address/path/to/myrepo.git


2. do your work: creating files, editing, etc.
#创建、修改文件


> cd myrepo # swb_pcie is called your working dir
> echo “Hello, world” > test.txt


3. git diff: to review your work
#查看本次修改


> git status # will show which files were modified
OR
> git diff # will show your modification as a patch;
# but untracked files are not listed


4. git add: to register your change to git
#告诉git你的修改。注意，这只是把修改的信息记录在本地的git里面。


> git add test.txt


5. git commit: to record your change in your LOCAL working directory
#提交本次修改。注意：这仅仅是把修改提交到本地的git，远端的服务器还那边完全不知道


> git commit # your’ll be prompted to write a comment for this commit


OR


> git commit -m “your brief comment” # this way is quicker


6. git log: to review the commit histories


#查看本地的提交历史


> git log # you will see all the commits


7. git fetch/pull: to sync with remote git repos


#从服务端同步数据


> git pull origin # will get updates others push
# onto the central git repo and merge


OR


> git fetch origin # will get updates, but not merge
> git merge origin/master # now merge.
# This 2-step approach allows
# you to examine the update before merging
# with sth like “git log origin/master”


#推荐用先git fetch再git merge的方法，建议不要直接git pull


8. git push: to push your work to remote git repos


#把本地的数据推送到服务端。注意，只有这一步之后，你的工作才能被他人看见，否则都是你在本地玩而已。


> git push origin


—-

[1]即cheat sheet，老美的说法，借用考试小抄的意思，指特别简单的入门指南

转载：http://blog.zjutoe.net