基本struts结构解读【通过登陆实现整体流程】

开始学struts框架了，有了前面的基础，学这个不是太难

【用jsp+javabean+servlet写过MVC的应该很快能掌握】

今天用最最基本的登陆流程解读下struts的基本框架

开发环境：myeclipse7.0+tomcat6.0+mysql5.0

1.新建工程及基本配置

   【新建】-【project】-【web project】  取名bbs

   【点右边的工程】 -【右键】-【MyEclipse】-【Add struts Capablilities】

   自动生成web.xml配置

   加条代码，将接入网页改为login.jsp

       <welcome-file-list>
         <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
         <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
       </welcome-file-list>

   就不用web.xml文件了

2.新建以下包

 

   说明：1.【actionForm】中的文件相当于bean

         2.【action】存储action用于转发，类似于servlet

         3.【dao】中存储的文件用于调用数据库类与数据库交互，返回结果给action用于跳转判断

         4.【database】数据库连接类，专职与数据库操作

3.登陆的需要的三个类，User.java  UserAction.java UserDAO.java

package actionForm;

import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;

import java.util.Vector;

 public class User extends ActionForm {
 private String userName="";//用户名
 private String password="";//密码
 public String getuserName() {
  return userName;
 }
 public void setuserName(String name) {
  userName = name;
 }
 public String getPassword() {
  return password;
 }
 public void setPassword(String password) {
  this.password = password;
 } 

}

 

 

package com.action;

import org.apache.struts.action.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.actionForm.ManagerForm;
import com.dao.ManagerDAO; //对应的manager数据库操作类
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

public class UserAction extends Action {
  private UserDAO userDAO = null;
  public UserAction() {
    this.userDAO  = new UserDAO(dataSource) ;
  }
 public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
   HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
  String action = request.getParameter("action");
  System.out.println("获取的查询字符串：" + action);
  if (action == null || "".equals(action)) {
   return mapping.findForward("error");
  } else if ("login".equals(action)) {
   return userLogin(mapping, form, request, response);
  }   
  request.setAttribute("error", "操作失败！");
  return mapping.findForward("error");
 }
 public ActionForward userLogin(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
   HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
 {
  this.userDAO  = new UserDAO() ;
  User user= (User) form;
  user.setuserName(user.getuserName());
  user.setPassword(user.getPassword());
  int flag = userDAO.verifyUser(user);//调用交互类，获取数据库返回值
  if (flag == 1) {
   HttpSession session = request.getSession();
   session.setAttribute("user", user.getuserName());
   return mapping.findForward("userloginok");
  } else {
      ActionMessages ams = new ActionMessages(); //消息传递机制，具体可以去查下，过几天再发
      ams.add("error",new ActionMessage("登录失败！！！！！",false)); 
      this.addMessages(request,ams); //区别

       return mapping.findForward("error");
    }          
 }
 }

 

package dao;

import java.sql.ResultSet;

import database.DBConnect;
import actionForm.User;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

public class UserDAO {
  public UserDAO()
  {
   }
 //判断用户名密码是否符合~~~~~~用于登陆判断,符合，返回1，否则返回0
 public int verifyUser(User user){
     int flag=0;
     String result="";
     String sql = "SELECT pwd FROM user where name='" +user.getuserName()+"'";
       Connection connect = null;
       String strSql;
       ResultSet rs;

        try{
            connect = dataSource.getConnection();
            Statement stmt = connect.createStatement();
            rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);

        while(rs.next())
        {      
        result=rs.getString(1);
         } 
         if(result.equals(user.getPassword()))
        {
         flag=1;
         }
       rs.close();
       stmt.close();
       connect.close();
     //dbc.close();
        }catch(Exception e)
        { 
         flag=0;
         e.printStackTrace();
        } 
     return flag;
    }
  }

 

4.在mysql中建立数据库bbs,并建表user   内容user,pwd  输入个账号密码

  在工程中build path中引入JDBC连接的jar文件

  写个类测试一下是否连接成功

 

5.数据库交互类！！！

 

  基于tomcat连接池设计的JavaBean【访问数据库】

6.struts-config配置文件  注意各个命名，仔细分析下转发路径，整体流程配置就在这个文件中了

【type为类所在路径  如User.java在actionForm的User中】

【path为类转发路径】

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">

<struts-config>
  <form-beans>
    <form-bean name="user" type="actionForm.User" />
  </form-beans>
 

  <action-mappings type="org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping">
  <action name="user" path="/user" scope="request" type="action.UserAction" validate="true" input="/messagepage.jsp">
      <forward name="userloginok" path="/index.jsp?para=1" />
      <forward name="registerok" path="/index.jsp?para=2" />
   </action>
  </action-mappings>

  <global-forwards>
  <forward name="error" path="/message.jsp" /> 
  </global-forwards>
 

</struts-config>

 

  

7.几个jsp文件

  【login.jsp】

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
    <title>My JSP 'login.jsp' starting page</title>
 <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
 <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
 <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
 <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
 <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
 <!--
 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
 -->

  </head>
  <body>
  <form name="login" method="post" action="user.do?action=login">
  <center>
   <table>
 
   <tr>
   <td>用户名</td>
   <td><input type="text" name="userName"/></td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
  <td>密码</td>
  <td><input type="text" name="password"/></td>
   </tr>
   <tr>
 <td>
  <input type="submit" value="登陆"/>
  <input type="reset" value="重置"/>
  </td>
 <td> <input type="button" value="退出" οnclick="javascript:window.close()"/>
 <input type="button" value="注册" οnclick="javascript:window.location='register.jsp'"/>
 </td> 
  </tr>
 
   </table>
   </center>
  </form>
 
  </body>
</html>

 

 

【message.jsp】

 <%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-bean.tld" prefix="bean"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-html.tld" prefix="html"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/WEB-INF/struts-logic.tld" prefix="logic"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html:html>
<head>
 <title>
  消息页面
 </title>
</head>

<link href="images/myStyleClass.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">

<body>

 <center>
 错误消息：

<html:messages id="message" message="true" property="error">
       <bean:write name="message"/>
       <br />
      </html:messages>
<!-- 这段代码的输出结果为:
  addMessages : info message
--> 
  <h2>
   <a href="javascript:history.go(-1)">
    返回上一页
   </a>
  </h2>
 </center>  
<hr>
</body>
</html:html>
  

【index.jsp】

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">
   
    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
 <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
 <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
 <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">   
 <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
 <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
 <!--
 <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
 -->
  </head>
 
  <body>
  操作状态：${param.para }
  <c:if test="${param.para==1}">
    登陆成功！！！！！！！！
    </c:if>
    <c:if test="${param.para==2}">
    注册成功！！！！！！！！
    </c:if>
  </body>
</html>

 

 

总结：以上只是通过一个最简单的登陆流程大概介绍了struts的基本结构

      并不是很难，以struts-config.xml为中心，理解各个类的作用及如何配置

      在模仿下各个类的处理方法

      当然最基本的掌握了可以去看看一些更有用的东西，例如验证，消息传递，数据源等等

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