网络请求NSURLConnection

iOS进行网络请求时，使用NSURLConnection方法。

（1）NSURLConnection主要结合NSURL，NSURLRequest使用

（1-1）NSURL用来设置网络请求的地址

（1-2）NSURLRequest用来设置url请求，以及设置请求时相关参数设置（如：缓存、超时等）

（2）NSURLConnection既有代理方式，又有block代码块的同步，或异步方式

1、代理方式的使用

1-1、设置协议

NSURLConnectionDelegate
NSURLConnectionDataDelegate

1-2、实始化等操作

// 图片地址
// NSString *string = @"http://img4.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=819265564,3078214620&fm=206&gp=0.jpg";
// 天气地址
NSString *string = @"http://api.k780.com:88/?app=weather.future&weaid=1&appkey=10003&sign=b59bc3ef6191eb9f747dd4e83c99f2a4&format=json";
string = [string stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; // 请求地址中包含中文时进行转换
// 创建URL
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:string];
// 创建request
NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
// 或
NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:30.0];
// 缓存
mutableRequest.cachePolicy = NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy;
// 请求超时
mutableRequest.timeoutInterval = 30.0;
// 请求方式POST、或GET
// mutableRequest.HTTPMethod = @"POST";
mutableRequest.HTTPMethod = @"GET";

// 创建connection
NSURLConnection *connection = [[NSURLConnection alloc] initWithRequest:mutableRequest delegate:self];
// 开始请求
[connection start];
// 停止请求
[connection cancel];

1-3、代理方法

// 实现代理方法
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error
{
    NSLog(@"1 请求失败");
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response
{
    NSLog(@"2 请求成功收到请求头信息 response = %@", response);
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data
{
    NSLog(@"3 请求成功收到请求信息 data = %@", data);
    
    if (0 != data.length)
    {
        if (connection == self.connection)
        {
	     // 天气信息数据
            [self.networkData appendData:data];
        }
        else if (connection == self.imageConnection)
        {
 	     // 图片数据 
            if (self.imageData == nil)
            {
                self.imageData = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];
            }
            [self.imageData appendData:data];
        }
    }
}

- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection
{
    NSLog(@"4 请求成功结束请求");
    
    if (connection == self.connection)
    {
        self.networkDict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:self.networkData options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:nil];
        NSLog(@"resultDict = %@", self.networkDict);
        if (self.networkDict && 0 != self.networkDict.count)
        {
            [self.tableview reloadData];
        }
    }
    else if (connection == self.imageConnection)
    {
        UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:self.imageData];
        self.imageview.image = image;
    }
}

2、block方式的使用

// 图片地址
NSString *string = @"http://img4.imgtn.bdimg.com/it/u=819265564,3078214620&fm=206&gp=0.jpg";
// 天气地址
NSString *string = @"http://api.k780.com:88/?app=weather.future&weaid=1&appkey=10003&sign=b59bc3ef6191eb9f747dd4e83c99f2a4&format=json";
string = [string stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]; // 请求地址中包含中文时进行转换
        
NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:string]; 
NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url];
// 或
// NSMutableURLRequest *mutableRequest = [[NSMutableURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:url cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:30.0];
// 缓存
mutableRequest.cachePolicy = NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy;
// 请求超时
mutableRequest.timeoutInterval = 30.0;
// 请求方式POST、或GET
// mutableRequest.HTTPMethod = @"POST";
mutableRequest.HTTPMethod = @"GET";

// block-异步，无停止方法
NSOperationQueue *queue = [[NSOperationQueue alloc] init];
[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:self.request queue:queue completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {
        if (0 != data.length)
        {
            UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];
            self.imageview.image = image;
        }
}];

// block-同步，无停止方法
NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:self.request returningResponse:nil error:nil];
if (0 != data.length)
{
        UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:data];
        self.imageview.image = image;
}