设计模式【十三】-备忘录模式

1. 作用

在不破坏封装的前提下，捕获一个对象的内部状态，并在该对象之外保存这个状态，这样可以在以后将对象恢复到原先保存的状态

2. 代码

2.1 备忘录实现类

package com.hz.design.memo;

/**
 * @fileName: Memo
 * @version:
 * @description:
 * @author: pp_lan
 * @date: 2022/3/29
 */
public class Memo {

    private String state;

    public Memo(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void resolve() {
        System.out.format("处理状态%s(可以根据状态定义不一样的处理器对象)\n", this.state);
    }

}

package com.hz.design.memo;

import com.hz.model.CommonException;

/**
 * @fileName: Starter
 * @version:
 * @description:
 * @author: pp_lan
 * @date: 2022/3/29
 */
public class Starter {

    private String state;

    public String getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public void setState(String state) {
        this.state = state;
    }

    public Memo saveState() {
        return new Memo(state);
    }

    /**
     * 处理备忘录
     * @param memo
     */
    public void resolve(Memo memo) {
        if(memo == null) {
            throw new CommonException("无新的Memo可以处理");
        }
        System.out.format("当前状态%s, 开始处理.\n", memo.getState());
        memo.resolve();
    }

}

package com.hz.design.memo;

import com.hz.model.CommonException;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @fileName: Watcher
 * @version:
 * @description:
 * @author: pp_lan
 * @date: 2022/3/29
 */
public class Watcher {

    private final List<Memo> memoList;

    public Watcher() {
        this.memoList = new ArrayList<>();
    }

    public void add(Memo... memos) {
        this.memoList.addAll(Arrays.asList(memos));
    }

    public Memo get(int index) {
        if (index >= memoList.size()) {
            return new Memo("暂无状态");
        }
        return memoList.get(index);
    }

    /**
     * 获取迭代器
     * @return
     */
    public WatcherIterator interator() {
        return new WatcherIterator();
    }

    class WatcherIterator {

        private int index = 0;

        public boolean hasNext() {
            return index < memoList.size();
        }

        public Memo next() {
            if (index < memoList.size()) {
                return memoList.get(index++);
            }
            throw new CommonException("迭代超出长度");
        }

    }

}

2.2 测试（调用）类

package com.hz.design.memo;

/**
 * @fileName: MemoTest
 * @version:
 * @description:
 * @author: pp_lan
 * @date: 2022/3/29
 */
public class MemoTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) {

        Starter starter = new Starter();

        Watcher watcher = new Watcher();

        // 执行者调整状态
        starter.setState("起床");
        // 看守者 保存 状态或者事件
        watcher.add(starter.saveState());

        starter.setState("吃饭");
        watcher.add(starter.saveState());

        starter.setState("上班");
        watcher.add(starter.saveState());

        // 使用迭代器模式获取看守者保存的状态信息
        for (Watcher.WatcherIterator it = watcher.interator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
            starter.resolve(it.next());
        }

    }
}

3. 调用结果

Connected to the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:62947', transport: 'socket'
当前状态起床, 开始处理.
处理状态起床(可以根据状态定义不一样的处理器对象)
当前状态吃饭, 开始处理.
处理状态吃饭(可以根据状态定义不一样的处理器对象)
当前状态上班, 开始处理.
处理状态上班(可以根据状态定义不一样的处理器对象)
Disconnected from the target VM, address: '127.0.0.1:62947', transport: 'socket'