JavaScript 数组和对象的复制

注意：数组和对象都是引用类型。

1、数组的复制

var a = [1,2,3];
b = a.concat(); //b称为a的复本

a[3]=4;
a;              //[1,2,3,4]
b;              //[1,2,3]

/* 另一种ES6写法，使用了扩展语法 */
var a = [1,2,3];
b = [...a];     //b称为a的复本

a[3]=4;
a;              //[1,2,3,4]
b;              //[1,2,3]

2、对象浅复制

Object.assign( ) 是ES6语法

function Person(name, age, job){
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.job = job;
    this.friends = ["Shelby", "Court"];
}

Person.prototype = {
    constructor : Person,
    sayName : function(){
        alert(this.name);
    }
}

var person1 = new Person("Nicholas", 29, "Software Engineer");
var person2 = new Person("Greg", 27, "Doctor");

person1.friends.push("Van");

alert(person1.friends); //"Shelby,Count,Van"
alert(person2.friends); //"Shelby,Count"

alert(person1.friends === person2.friends); //false
alert(person1.sayName === person2.sayName); //true

person3 = Object.assign({}, person1);
person1==person3;                        //false person3 是 person1 的复本
person1.friends==person3.friends;        //true 说明 Object.assign() 是浅复制

{...object}} 是ES6语法

function Person(name, age, job){
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.job = job;
    this.friends = ["Shelby", "Court"];
}

Person.prototype = {
    constructor : Person,
    sayName : function(){
        alert(this.name);
    }
}

var person1 = new Person("Nicholas", 29, "Software Engineer");
var person2 = new Person("Greg", 27, "Doctor");

person1.friends.push("Van");

alert(person1.friends); //"Shelby,Count,Van"
alert(person2.friends); //"Shelby,Count"

alert(person1.friends === person2.friends); //false
alert(person1.sayName === person2.sayName); //true

person3 = {...person1};
person1==person3;                        //false person3 是 person1 的复本
person1.friends==person3.friends;        //true 说明 Object.assign() 是浅复制

4、对象深复制 JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(object));

function Person(name, age, job){
    this.name = name;
    this.age = age;
    this.job = job;
    this.friends = ["Shelby", "Court"];
}

Person.prototype = {
    constructor : Person,
    sayName : function(){
        alert(this.name);
    }
}

var person1 = new Person("Nicholas", 29, "Software Engineer");
var person2 = new Person("Greg", 27, "Doctor");

person1.friends.push("Van");

alert(person1.friends); //"Shelby,Count,Van"
alert(person2.friends); //"Shelby,Count"

alert(person1.friends === person2.friends); //false
alert(person1.sayName === person2.sayName); //true

person3 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(person1));;
person1==person3;                        //false person3 是 person1 的复本
person1.friends==person3.friends;        //false 说明 Json.parse(Json.stringify(..)) 是深复制
 

 

参考文献：https://www.jianshu.com/p/d5f572dd3776