进程（app）之间使用aidl通信

一、首先建立service进程。
1.创建aidl文件 （注意包名要与client进程中aidl包名相同）

2.aidl代码

package com.goway.test_aidl_service;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface StudentAidl {
    /**
     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
     * and return values in AIDL.
     */
    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);




              String getStudent(int no);
}

3、创建service，并实现aidl接口。

package com.goway.test_aidl_service;

import android.app.Service;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * Created by Administrator on 2017/3/6.
 */

public class StudentSerivce extends Service {

    private String[] studentNo = {"王1","2","王3","王4","王月4","宋6"};


    private StudentAidl.Stub mBind= new StudentAidl.Stub() {
        @Override
        public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {

        }

        @Override
        public String getStudent(int no) throws RemoteException {
            int l = studentNo.length;
            if(l<0) {
                no = 0;
            }
            if(no>=l) {
                no = l - 1;
            }
            return studentNo[no];
        }
    };



    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return mBind;
    }
}

4.在service端androidManifast中注册

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.goway.test_aidl_service" >

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service android:name=".StudentSerivce">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="student.query"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"></category>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

    </application>

</manifest>

二、client端代码。

1.创建aidl文件 （注意包名要与service进程中aidl包名相同）

2.aidl接口代码。

// StudentAidl.aidl
package com.goway.test_aidl_service;

// Declare any non-default types here with import statements

interface StudentAidl {

    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
            double aDouble, String aString);

         String getStudent(int no);



}

3.client 端mainactivity中的代码。

注意：要将隐式意图转为 显式意图

package com.goway.test_aidl_service;

import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.ServiceConnection;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.content.pm.ResolveInfo;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.util.List;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

private ServiceConnectionImpl sci ;
private StudentAidl student;

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    Intent intent = new Intent();
    intent.setAction("student.query");

    Intent eintent = new Intent(getExplicitIntent(this,intent));

    sci = new ServiceConnectionImpl();
    bindService(eintent, sci, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

}

public void queryOnClick(View v) {
    EditText et_no_text = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.et_no_text);
    String no = et_no_text.getText().toString();
    String sname;
    try {
        sname = student.getStudent(Integer.parseInt(no));
        TextView tv_no = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_no);
        tv_no.setText(sname);
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (RemoteException e) {
        // TODO Auto-generated catch block
        e.printStackTrace();
    }


}


class ServiceConnectionImpl implements ServiceConnection {

    @Override
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
        student = StudentAidl.Stub.asInterface(service);
    }

    @Override
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
        student = null;
    }

}


@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onDestroy();
    if(sci != null) {
        unbindService(sci);
    }
}


/**
 * 将隐式意图转为显式意图
 * @param context
 * @param implicitIntent
 * @return
 */
public static Intent getExplicitIntent(Context context, Intent implicitIntent) {
    // Retrieve all services that can match the given intent
    PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();
    List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfo = pm.queryIntentServices(implicitIntent, 0);
    // Make sure only one match was found
    if (resolveInfo == null || resolveInfo.size() != 1) {
        return null;
    }
    // Get component info and create ComponentName
    ResolveInfo serviceInfo = resolveInfo.get(0);
    String packageName = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;
    String className = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.name;
    ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);
    // Create a new intent. Use the old one for extras and such reuse
    Intent explicitIntent = new Intent(implicitIntent);
    // Set the component to be explicit
    explicitIntent.setComponent(component);
    return explicitIntent;
}

}

4.client布局文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/activity_main"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.goway.test_aidl_service.MainActivity">

    <EditText
        android:id="@+id/et_no_text"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:hint="text"
        />
    <Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_query"
        android:onClick="queryOnClick"
        android:text="查询"
        android:layout_below="@id/et_no_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_no"
        android:layout_below="@id/btn_query"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>
</RelativeLayout>

5.client 的 androidMinifast文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.goway.test_aidl_service" >

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity" >
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

        <service android:name=".StudentSerivce">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="student.query"/>
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"></category>
            </intent-filter>
        </service>

    </application>

</manifest>