#21 Merge Two Sorted Lists

题目:

Merge two sorted linked lists and return it as a new list. The new list should be made by splicing together the nodes of the first two lists.




    题解:

    /**
     * Definition for singly-linked list.
     * public class ListNode {
     *     int val;
     *     ListNode next;
     *     ListNode(int x) { val = x; }
     * }
     */
    public class Solution {
        public ListNode mergeTwoLists(ListNode l1, ListNode l2) {
            ListNode l =  new ListNode(0);//这里不是ListNode l =  <del><em>null</em></del>;
            ListNode tmp = l;
            while(l1 != null && l2 != null){
                if(l1.val<=l2.val){
                    tmp.next = l1;
                    l1 = l1.next;
                }
                else{
                    tmp.next = l2;
                    l2 = l2.next;
                }
                tmp = tmp.next;
            }
            
            //l2取尽,只剩l1
            /*while(l1 != null){
                tmp.next = l1;
                tmp = tmp.next;
                l1 = l1.next;
            }*/
            if(l1 != null){//链表结构,故<u><em>if即可胜任</em></u>
                tmp.next = l1;
            }
            //l1取尽,只剩l2
            /*while(l2 != null){
                tmp.next = l2;
                tmp = tmp.next;
                l2 = l2.next;
            }*/
            if(l2 != null){
                tmp.next = l2;
            }
            
            return l.next;
        }
    }
    再多说一句, 若要开始ListNode l = null,最后return l,则需要在while语句前判断l1和l2的值以便给l头结点赋值(由此在更前需添加判断l1和l2是否为null的语句),也可Acess,但繁琐不堪。


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    To merge k sorted linked lists, one approach is to repeatedly merge two of the linked lists until all k lists have been merged into one. We can use a priority queue to keep track of the minimum element across all k linked lists at any given time. Here's the code to implement this idea: ``` struct ListNode { int val; ListNode* next; ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(NULL) {} }; // Custom comparator for the priority queue struct CompareNode { bool operator()(const ListNode* node1, const ListNode* node2) const { return node1->val > node2->val; } }; ListNode* mergeKLists(vector<ListNode*>& lists) { priority_queue<ListNode*, vector<ListNode*>, CompareNode> pq; for (ListNode* list : lists) { if (list) { pq.push(list); } } ListNode* dummy = new ListNode(-1); ListNode* curr = dummy; while (!pq.empty()) { ListNode* node = pq.top(); pq.pop(); curr->next = node; curr = curr->next; if (node->next) { pq.push(node->next); } } return dummy->next; } ``` We start by initializing a priority queue with all the head nodes of the k linked lists. We use a custom comparator that compares the values of two nodes and returns true if the first node's value is less than the second node's value. We then create a dummy node to serve as the head of the merged linked list, and a current node to keep track of the last node in the merged linked list. We repeatedly pop the minimum node from the priority queue and append it to the merged linked list. If the popped node has a next node, we push it onto the priority queue. Once the priority queue is empty, we return the head of the merged linked list. Note that this implementation has a time complexity of O(n log k), where n is the total number of nodes across all k linked lists, and a space complexity of O(k).

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