线程池

自我记录 自我记录。。。
本文启发来自于：https://blog.csdn.net/gol_phing/article/details/49032055

首先啊，有这么几个关键字
corePoolSize，maximumPoolSize
ArrayBlockingQueue，LinkedBlockingQueue，SynchronousQueue
handler

继承关系：
ThreadPoolExecutor -> AbstractExecutorService -> ExecutorService -> Executor

执行方法：

public void execute(Runnable command) {
    if (command == null)
        throw new NullPointerException();
    if (poolSize >= corePoolSize || !addIfUnderCorePoolSize(command)) {
        if (runState == RUNNING && workQueue.offer(command)) {
            if (runState != RUNNING || poolSize == 0)
                ensureQueuedTaskHandled(command);
        }
        else if (!addIfUnderMaximumPoolSize(command))
            reject(command); // is shutdown or saturated
    }

}

private Thread addThread(Runnable firstTask) {
    Worker w = new Worker(firstTask);
    Thread t = threadFactory.newThread(w);  //创建一个线程，执行任务   
    if (t != null) {
        w.thread = t;            //将创建的线程的引用赋值为w的成员变量       
        workers.add(w);
        int nt = ++poolSize;     //当前线程数加1       
        if (nt > largestPoolSize)
            largestPoolSize = nt;
    }
    return t;
}

private final class Worker implements Runnable {
    private final ReentrantLock runLock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Runnable firstTask;
    volatile long completedTasks;
    Thread thread;
    Worker(Runnable firstTask) {
        this.firstTask = firstTask;
    }
    boolean isActive() {
        return runLock.isLocked();
    }
    void interruptIfIdle() {
        final ReentrantLock runLock = this.runLock;
        if (runLock.tryLock()) {
            try {
        if (thread != Thread.currentThread())
        thread.interrupt();
            } finally {
                runLock.unlock();
            }
        }
    }
    void interruptNow() {
        thread.interrupt();
    }

    private void runTask(Runnable task) {
        final ReentrantLock runLock = this.runLock;
        runLock.lock();
        try {
            if (runState < STOP &&
                Thread.interrupted() &&
                runState >= STOP)
            boolean ran = false;
            beforeExecute(thread, task);   //beforeExecute方法是ThreadPoolExecutor类的一个方法，没有具体实现，用户可以根据
            //自己需要重载这个方法和后面的afterExecute方法来进行一些统计信息，比如某个任务的执行时间等           
            try {
                task.run();
                ran = true;
                afterExecute(task, null);
                ++completedTasks;
            } catch (RuntimeException ex) {
                if (!ran)
                    afterExecute(task, ex);
                throw ex;
            }
        } finally {
            runLock.unlock();
        }
    }

    public void run() {
        try {
            Runnable task = firstTask;
            firstTask = null;
            while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
                runTask(task);
                task = null;
            }
        } finally {
            workerDone(this);   //当任务队列中没有任务时，进行清理工作       
        }
    }
}

public void run() {
    try {
        Runnable task = firstTask;
        firstTask = null;
        while (task != null || (task = getTask()) != null) {
            runTask(task);
            task = null;
        }
    } finally {
        workerDone(this);
    }
}

Runnable getTask() {
    for (;;) {
        try {
            int state = runState;
            if (state > SHUTDOWN)
                return null;
            Runnable r;
            if (state == SHUTDOWN)  // Help drain queue
                r = workQueue.poll();
            else if (poolSize > corePoolSize || allowCoreThreadTimeOut) //如果线程数大于核心池大小或者允许为核心池线程设置空闲时间，
                //则通过poll取任务，若等待一定的时间取不到任务，则返回null
                r = workQueue.poll(keepAliveTime, TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS);
            else
                r = workQueue.take();
            if (r != null)
                return r;
            if (workerCanExit()) {    //如果没取到任务，即r为null，则判断当前的worker是否可以退出
                if (runState >= SHUTDOWN) // Wake up others
                    interruptIdleWorkers();   //中断处于空闲状态的worker
                return null;
            }
            // Else retry
        } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
            // On interruption, re-check runState
        }
    }
}

默认情况下，只有当有请求进来时才会创建新的线程，但是你也可以自己创建新线程：

prestartCoreThread()：//初始化一个核心线程；
prestartAllCoreThreads()：//初始化所有核心线程

结束线程池的方法有两种
1、shutdown() 此方法不会立即结束，会等缓存列表中的请求都执行完
2、shutdownnow() 此方法立即结束，并尝试打断正在执行中的任务