android蓝牙开发

 

1.与蓝牙相关的API
 BluetoothAdapter该类的对象代表了本地的蓝牙适配器
 BluetoothDevice 代表了一个远程的Bluetooth设备
2.扫描以配对的蓝牙设备
 在清单文件中生命蓝牙权限
 <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>
 <uses-permission

android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN"/>
3.手机和电脑配对只能通过手动来完成，个人没有找到用代码实现的方法
 可能由于安全性问题
4.扫描以配对的蓝牙设备（2）
 1.获得BluetoothAdapter对象；
 2.判断当前设备中是否拥有蓝牙设备；
 3.判断当前设备中的蓝牙设备是否已经打开；
 4.得到所有已经配对的蓝牙设备；

下面例子：打开手机蓝牙设备，扫描周围远程蓝牙设备，并将它们的地址显示到listview上

主Activity如下

public class BluetoothDemoActivity extends Activity {
	private Button btnSet ;
	private Button btnScan;
	private static ArrayList<Map<String, String>> array;
	private HashMap<String, String> map;
	private BluetoothAdapter bluetoothAdapter;
	private ListView lv;
	SimpleAdapter sa;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        btnSet = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnSet);
        btnScan = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.btnScan);
        lv = (ListView) this.findViewById(R.id.lv);
        array  = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
        map = new HashMap<String, String>();
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);
        BluetoothReceiver bluetoothReceiver = new BluetoothReceiver();
        btnSet.setOnClickListener(new DiscoverButtonListener());
        registerReceiver(bluetoothReceiver, intentFilter);
        bluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
        btnScan.setOnClickListener(new ScanButtonListener());
        //在listview上显示扫描出来的蓝牙设备
        showListView();
    }
    private class BluetoothReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver{
		@Override
		public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
			String action = intent.getAction();
			if(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)){
				BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);
				System.out.println(device.getAddress());
				 map = new HashMap<String, String>();
				map.put("address", device.getAddress());
				array.add(map);
				sa.notifyDataSetChanged();//刷新listview
			}
		}

    }
    private void showListView() {
    	sa = new SimpleAdapter(getApplicationContext(), array, R.layout.bluetoothitem, new String []{"address"}, new int []{R.id.address});
    	lv.setAdapter(sa);
    }
    //修改蓝牙设备可见性
    private final class DiscoverButtonListener implements OnClickListener{
		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			Intent discoverableIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_DISCOVERABLE);
			//设置500秒，其实最大值为300秒，超过后还是300秒
			discoverableIntent.putExtra(BluetoothAdapter.EXTRA_DISCOVERABLE_DURATION,500);
			startActivity(discoverableIntent);
		}
    }
    private class ScanButtonListener implements OnClickListener{
		@Override
		public void onClick(View v) {
			//比较耗时，扫描周围蓝牙设备每次至少需要12秒，功耗比较大
			//每扫描到一个蓝牙设备，就会发出一个广播
			//startDiscovery这个函数是异步调用
			bluetoothAdapter.startDiscovery();
		}
    }
}

main.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical" >
<Button 
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/btnSet"
    android:text="设置可见性"/>
<Button 
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/btnScan"
    android:text="开始扫描"/>
<ListView 
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:id="@+id/lv"/>
</LinearLayout>

listview中的布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:orientation="horizontal" >

    <TextView 
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:id="@+id/address"/>

</LinearLayout>