写在前面:原书地址:http://www.ituring.com.cn/book/1861(图灵社区)
本博客是对书籍学习而进行总结的学习笔记,如有侵权行为必删。
1.字典
在Python语言中,字典是一系列 “键-值对”。 每个键都要与一个值产生联系,这样就可以使用键来访问与之相关联的值。
键和值之间用冒号隔开,键-值对之间使用逗号。
ads = {'color': 'red' , 'points' = '5'}
访问字典中的值
ads = {'color': 'red' , 'points' = '5'}
print(ads['color'])
#输出结果
red
字典是一种动态结构,可以随时添加键-值对。
ads = {'color': 'red' , 'points' = '5'}
ads['x_position'] = 5
ads['y_position'] = 20
print(ads)
#输出结果
{'color': 'red' , 'points' = '5' ,'x_poition' = 5 , 'y_position' = 20}
在空字典中添加内容
ads = {}
ads['color'] = 'green'
ads['point'] = 5
print(ads)
#输出结果
{'color': 'green' , 'points' = '5'}
修改字典中内容
ads = {'color' : 'red'}
print("this is a" + ads['color'] + "pen" + ".")
ads['color'] = "green"
print("now is a" + ads['color'] + "pen" + ".")
#输出结果
this is a red pen.
now is a green pen.
删除键-值对
ads = {'color':'red' , 'points': 5}
del ads['color']
print(ads)
#输出结果
{'points': 5 }
类似对象组成 的字典
缩进四个空格。
favorite_foods = {
'mama':'egg',
'baba':'milk',
'tom':'suger',
'yuyu':'tomato',
}
2.遍历字典
遍历字典中的键 :keys( ) 按顺序遍历 sored( )
遍历字典中的值 :values( )
favorite_foods = {
'mama':'egg',
'baba':'milk',
'tom':'suger',
'yuyu':'tomato',
}
for name in sorted(favorite_foods.keys()):
print(name.title() + ",thank you.")
#输出结果
Mama,thank you.
Baba,thank you.
Tom,thank you.
Yuyu,thank you.
favorite_foods = {
'mama':'egg',
'baba':'milk',
'tom':'suger',
'yuyu':'tomato',
}
print("what is you like ?")
for food in favorite_foods.values():
print("food.title()")
#输出结果
what is you like ?
Egg
Milk
Suger
Tomato
3.嵌套
字典存储在列表中,或者列表存储在字典中,
1.字典列表
ads_0 = {'color' : 'red' , 'points' : 5}
ads_1 = {'color' : 'blue' , 'points' : 15}
ads_2 = {'color' : 'green' , 'points' : 25}
adss = [ads_0 , ads_1 , ads_2]
for af in adss:
print(af)
# 输出结果
{'color' : 'red' , 'points' : 5}
{'color' : 'blue' , 'points' : 15}
{'color' : 'green' , 'points' : 25}
2.字典存储在列表中
favorite_languages = {
'mama' : ['python', 'go'],
'baba' : ['c' , 'java'],
'tom' : ['php' , 'c'],
'yuyu' : ['c' , 'swift'],
}
for name, languages in favorite_languages.items():
print("\n" + name.title() + "'s favorite languages are:")
for language in languages:
print("\t" + language.title())
#输出结果
Mama's favorite languages are:
Python
Go
Baba's favorite languages are:
C
Java
Tom's favorite languages are:
Php
C
Yuyu's favorite languages are:
C
Swift
3.字典中存储字典
users = {
'a' : {
'first': 'he',
'last' : 'is',
'location' : 'kui',
},
'b' : {
'first': 'she',
'last' : 'was',
'location' : 'hui',
},
}
for username, user_info in users.items():
print("\nUsername:" + username)
full_name = user_info['first'] + " " + user_info['last']
location = user_info['location']
print("\tFull name: " + full_name.title())
print("\tLocation: " + location.title())
#输出结果
Username: a
Full name: he is
Location: kui
Username: b
Full name: she was
Location: hui