三.【Python3.8+Django3.0从零开始系列】Mac OS Catalina 10.15.5 安装Vertualenv虚拟环境及创建Django3.0项目

目录

一.安装Vertualenv虚拟环境

二.创建并启动Vertualenv虚拟环境

三.创建Django项目

四.启动Django3服务

五.命令参考

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一.安装Vertualenv虚拟环境

#执行安装命令
aije@bogon ~ % pip install virtualenv
Collecting virtualenv
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f4/1f/2da1af5b56eb2ffa17ef1059540f174375ee604e52756e6265b78b0593e1/virtualenv-20.0.25-py2.py3-none-any.whl (4.7MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 4.7MB 89kB/s 
Collecting filelock<4,>=3.0.0 (from virtualenv)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/93/83/71a2ee6158bb9f39a90c0dea1637f81d5eef866e188e1971a1b1ab01a35a/filelock-3.0.12-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting six<2,>=1.9.0 (from virtualenv)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/ee/ff/48bde5c0f013094d729fe4b0316ba2a24774b3ff1c52d924a8a4cb04078a/six-1.15.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Collecting distlib<1,>=0.3.0 (from virtualenv)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/f5/0a/490fa011d699bb5a5f3a0cf57de82237f52a6db9d40f33c53b2736c9a1f9/distlib-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (335kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 337kB 48kB/s 
Collecting appdirs<2,>=1.4.3 (from virtualenv)
  Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/3b/00/2344469e2084fb287c2e0b57b72910309874c3245463acd6cf5e3db69324/appdirs-1.4.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Installing collected packages: filelock, six, distlib, appdirs, virtualenv
Successfully installed appdirs-1.4.4 distlib-0.3.1 filelock-3.0.12 six-1.15.0 virtualenv-20.0.25
WARNING: You are using pip version 19.2.3, however version 20.1.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the 'pip install --upgrade pip' command.

 

二.创建并启动Vertualenv虚拟环境

#在用户根目录下，创建用于存储项目的文件夹
aije@bogon ~ % mkdir myWeb
#cd 到项目文件夹
aije@bogon ~ % cd myWeb
#创建一个虚拟环境，虚拟环境名为firstPyWeb
aije@bogon myWeb % virtualenv firstPyWeb
created virtual environment CPython3.8.3.final.0-64 in 618ms
  creator CPython3Posix(dest=/Users/aije/myWeb/firstPyWeb, clear=False, global=False)
  seeder FromAppData(download=False, pip=bundle, setuptools=bundle, wheel=bundle, via=copy, app_data_dir=/Users/aije/Library/Application Support/virtualenv)
    added seed packages: pip==20.1.1, setuptools==47.3.1, wheel==0.34.2
  activators BashActivator,CShellActivator,FishActivator,PowerShellActivator,PythonActivator,XonshActivator
aije@bogon firstPyWeb % ls
bin		lib		pyvenv.cfg
#进入bin目录
aije@bogon firstPyWeb % cd bin
aije@bogon bin % ls
activate		activate.xsh		easy_install3		pip3.8			wheel
activate.csh		activate_this.py	pip			python			wheel-3.8
activate.fish		easy_install		pip-3.8			python3			wheel3
activate.ps1		easy_install-3.8	pip3			python3.8
#启动虚拟环境
aije@bogon bin % source activate
#环境启动成功
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon bin % 

 

三.创建Django项目

 

#在虚拟环境根目录下创建名为HelloWorld的Django3项目
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon firstPyWeb % django-admin.py startproject HelloWorld
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon firstPyWeb % ls
HelloWorld	bin		lib		pyvenv.cfg
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon firstPyWeb % 

四.启动Django3服务

#进入HelloWorld项目目录
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon firstPyWeb % cd HelloWorld
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon HelloWorld % ls
HelloWorld	manage.py
#执行启动命令
(firstPyWeb) aije@bogon HelloWorld % python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Performing system checks...

System check identified no issues (0 silenced).

You have 17 unapplied migration(s). Your project may not work properly until you apply the migrations for app(s): admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions.
Run 'python manage.py migrate' to apply them.

July 01, 2020 - 02:58:25
Django version 3.0.7, using settings 'HelloWorld.settings'
Starting development server at http://0.0.0.0:8000/
Quit the server with CONTROL-C.
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:36] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 16351
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:36] "GET /static/admin/css/fonts.css HTTP/1.1" 304 0
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:37] "GET /static/admin/fonts/Roboto-Regular-webfont.woff HTTP/1.1" 304 0
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:37] "GET /static/admin/fonts/Roboto-Light-webfont.woff HTTP/1.1" 304 0
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:37] "GET /static/admin/fonts/Roboto-Bold-webfont.woff HTTP/1.1" 304 0
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:39] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 16351
[01/Jul/2020 02:58:47] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 16351

出现如上提示，则项目服务已经启动成功，可以在浏览器中输入 http://127.0.0.1:8000访问初始页面，如下图

 

 

至此，Django3项目创建并运行成功。

需要退出项目运行状态，在终端窗口按 Ctrl+C键即可退出。

五.命令参考

#安装虚拟环境
命令：pip install virtualenv
#创建目录
命令：mkdir myWeb
#创建虚拟环境
命令：virtualenv firstPyWeb
#启动虚拟环境
命令：source activate
#创建django项目
命令：django-admin.py startproject HelloWorld
#启动django服务
命令：python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
#退出django服务，按键盘上的
命令：Ctrl+C
#退出虚拟环境
命令：deactivate
#指定创建一个版本为python3.6的虚拟环境
命令：virtualenv --python=/usr/bin/python3.8 firstPyWeb