Hive启动失败：java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Sessio

错误日志如下：

[hadoop@master hive1.0.0]$ bin/hive

Logging initialized using configuration in file:/opt/modules/hive1.0.0/conf/hive-log4j.properties
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/modules/hadoop-2.6.0/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.5.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/modules/hive1.0.0/lib/hive-jdbc-1.0.0-standalone.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:444)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:626)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:570)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1453)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.<init>(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:63)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingMetaStoreClient.getProxy(RetryingMetaStoreClient.java:73)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.createMetaStoreClient(Hive.java:2664)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:2683)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:425)
	... 8 more
Caused by: java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:422)
	at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.MetaStoreUtils.newInstance(MetaStoreUtils.java:1451)
	... 13 more
Caused by: javax.jdo.JDOFatalDataStoreException: Unable to open a test connection to the given database. JDBC url = jdbc:mysql://master:3306/hive?characterEncoding=UTF-8, username = hive. Terminating connection pool (set lazyInit to true if you expect to start your database after your app). Original Exception: ------
com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.CommunicationsException: Communications link failure

      从日志文件可以看出，该错误出现的原因是未能成功开启到数据库的链接。而这又是由于我们的数据库没有启动/成功启动所导致的。由于Hive配置的元数据在MySQL里面，而且MySQL是和集群的Namenode安装在一台机器上的。而我们的集群被重启了，而MySQL又没有启动，所以就出了以上问题。

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