JavaScript操作符的全面解析与实战应用_详解一下 js 操作符 ~-CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/python_jeff/article/details/144342989

引言

在JavaScript编程中，操作符是执行各种操作的关键工具。从基本的算术运算到复杂的逻辑和位运算，了解并掌握这些操作符对于编写高效、简洁的代码至关重要。本文将详细解析JavaScript中的各类操作符，并通过丰富的实例展示其在实际编程中的应用，帮助初学者和有经验的开发者更好地理解和掌握这些基本而重要的工具。

一、算术操作符

算术操作符用于基本的数学运算。以下是主要的算术操作符及其使用示例：

加法 (+)

var sum = 5 + 3; // 8
console.log(sum);

减法 (-)

var difference = 5 - 3; // 2
console.log(difference);

乘法 (*)

var product = 5 * 3; // 15
console.log(product);

除法 (/)

var quotient = 6 / 3; // 2
console.log(quotient);

取模 (%)

var remainder = 7 % 3; // 1
console.log(remainder);

自增 (++) 和自减 (–)

var num = 5;
num++; // 6
console.log(num);

num--; // 5
console.log(num);

二、比较操作符

比较操作符用于比较两个值，并返回布尔值（true或false）。以下是主要的比较操作符及其使用示例：

等于 (==)

var isEqual = (5 == '5'); // true
console.log(isEqual);

严格等于 (===)

var isStrictlyEqual = (5 === '5'); // false
console.log(isStrictlyEqual);

不等于 (!=)

var isNotEqual = (5 != '5'); // false
console.log(isNotEqual);

严格不等于 (!==)

var isStrictlyNotEqual = (5 !== '5'); // true
console.log(isStrictlyNotEqual);

大于 (>)

var isGreaterThan = (5 > 3); // true
console.log(isGreaterThan);

小于 (<)

var isLessThan = (5 < 3); // false
console.log(isLessThan);

大于等于 (>=)

var isGreaterThanOrEqualTo = (5 >= 3); // true
console.log(isGreaterThanOrEqualTo);

小于等于 (<=)

var isLessThanOrEqualTo = (5 <= 3); // false
console.log(isLessThanOrEqualTo);

三、逻辑操作符

逻辑操作符用于执行布尔逻辑运算。以下是主要的逻辑操作符及其使用示例：

逻辑与 (&&)

var result = (5 > 3) && (3 < 4); // true
console.log(result);

逻辑或 (||)

var result = (5 > 3) || (3 > 4); // true
console.log(result);

逻辑非 (!)

var result = !(5 > 3); // false
console.log(result);

四、位运算符

位运算符用于对二进制位进行操作。以下是主要的位运算符及其使用示例：

按位与 (&)

var result = 5 & 3; // 1 (0101 & 0011 = 0001)
console.log(result);

按位或 (|)

var result = 5 | 3; // 7 (0101 | 0011 = 0111)
console.log(result);

按位异或 (^)

var result = 5 ^ 3; // 6 (0101 ^ 0011 = 0110)
console.log(result);

按位取反 (~)

var result = ~5; // -6 (~0101 = 1010)
console.log(result);

左移 (<<)

var result = 5 << 1; // 10 (0101 << 1 = 1010)
console.log(result);

右移 (>>)

var result = 5 >> 1; // 2 (0101 >> 1 = 0010)
console.log(result);

无符号右移 (>>>)

var result = -5 >>> 1; // 2147483645 (11111111111111111111111111111011 >> 1)
console.log(result);

五、赋值操作符

赋值操作符用于将值赋给变量。以下是主要的赋值操作符及其使用示例：

简单赋值 (=)

var x = 5; // x is now 5
console.log(x);

加法赋值 (+=)

var x = 5;
x += 3; // x is now 8
console.log(x);

减法赋值 (-=)

var x = 5;
x -= 3; // x is now 2
console.log(x);

乘法赋值 (*=)

var x = 5;
x *= 3; // x is now 15
console.log(x);

除法赋值 (/=)

var x = 5;
x /= 3; // x is now approximately 1.6667
console.log(x);

取模赋值 (%=)

var x = 5;
x %= 3; // x is now 2
console.log(x);

六、一元运算符

一元运算符用于单个操作数，常见的有递增（++）、递减（–）和逻辑非（!）。运算优先级决定了表达式中各部分的计算顺序。以下是一些示例：

递增和递减

前置递增: ++x（先增加再使用）

var x = 5;
console.log(++x); // 6, x becomes 6 before being used in the expression

后置递增: x++（先使用再增加）

var x = 5;
console.log(x++); // 5, x becomes 6 after being used in the expression
console.log(x);   // Now x is 6

前置递减: --x（先减少再使用）

var x = 5;
console.log(--x); // 4, x becomes 4 before being used in the expression

后置递减: x--（先使用再减少）

var x = 5;
console.log(x--); // 5, x becomes 4 after being used in the expression
console.log(x);   // Now x is 4

逻辑非: !x（取反）

var x = true;
console.log(!x); // false, logical NOT of true is false

七、三元操作符

三元操作符用于简化条件语句。

var age = 18;
var canVote = (age >= 18) ? "Yes" : "No"; // Yes if age is 18 or older, otherwise No
console.log(canVote);

八、运算优先级总结

运算优先级决定了表达式中各部分的计算顺序。以下是一些常见运算符的优先级，从高到低排列：

括号 (): () - Grouping and function calls. Highest priority.
成员访问 []: [] - Array indexing and object property access. Lower priority than parentheses.
函数调用 (): () - Function calls. Lower priority than member access.
一元运算符: ++, --, !, ~, typeof, void, delete - Unary operators. Lower priority than function calls.
乘法、除法、取模: *, /, % - Multiplication, division, modulus. Lower priority than unary operators.
加法、减法: +, - - Addition and subtraction. Lower priority than multiplication, division, and modulus.
移位运算符: <<, >>, >>> - Bitwise shifts. Lower priority than addition and subtraction.
关系运算符: <, <=, >, >= - Less than, less than or equal to, greater than, greater than or equal to. Lower priority than bitwise shifts.
相等运算符: ==, !=, ===, !== - Equality and inequality comparisons. Lower priority than relational operators.
按位与: & - Bitwise AND. Lower priority than equality operators.
按位异或: ^ - Bitwise XOR. Lower priority than bitwise AND.
按位或: | - Bitwise OR. Lower priority than bitwise XOR.
逻辑与: && - Logical AND. Lower priority than bitwise OR.
逻辑或: || - Logical OR. Lower priority than logical AND.
条件运算符: ?: - Ternary conditional operator. Lower priority than logical OR.
赋值运算符: =, +=, -=, etc. - Assignment operators. Lowest priority among all operators.