DELPHI 异常处理

异常处理的思想：为使程序更加稳定，用一种简单而规范的方法添加一些处理软件或硬件错误的功能。
在发生错误时，程序可以保存下来，或从容退出，并在退出前允许用户保存数据。
异常还可以允许用户把错误处理代码从正常代码中分离出来，从而避免他们混杂在一起。

异常的另一个优点是，定义了一个统一而且通用的错误报告机制，该机制由DELPHI 组件使用。

unit ExcepF;

interface

uses
SysUtils, Windows, Messages, Classes,
Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, StdCtrls;
type
TForm1 = class(TForm)
BtnWrong: TButton;
BtnTryFinally: TButton;
BtnTryTry: TButton;
procedure BtnWrongClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure BtnTryFinallyClick(Sender: TObject);
procedure BtnTryTryClick(Sender: TObject);
private
{ Private declarations }
public
{ Public declarations }
end;

var
Form1: TForm1;

implementation

{$R *.DFM}

procedure TForm1.BtnWrongClick(Sender: TObject);
var
I, J: Integer;
begin
Screen.Cursor := crHourglass;
J := 0;
// long (and wrong) computation…
for I := 1000 downto 0 do
J := J + J div I;
//以下语句不会执行，因为在发生异常后
MessageDlg ('Total: ’ + IntToStr (J),
mtInformation, [mbOK], 0);
Screen.Cursor := crDefault;
end;

procedure TForm1.BtnTryFinallyClick(Sender: TObject);
var
I, J: Integer;
begin
Screen.Cursor := crHourglass;
J := 0;
try
// long (and wrong) computation…
for I := 1000 downto 0 do
J := J + J div I;
//以下语句不会执行，因为在发生异常后
MessageDlg ('Total: ’ + IntToStr (J),
mtInformation, [mbOK], 0);
finally
Screen.Cursor := crDefault;
end;
end;

procedure TForm1.BtnTryTryClick(Sender: TObject);
var
I, J: Integer;
begin
Screen.Cursor := crHourglass;
J := 0;
try
try
// long (and wrong) computation…
for I := 1000 downto 0 do
J := J + J div I;
//以下语句不会执行，因为在发生异常后
MessageDlg ('Total: ’ + IntToStr (J),
mtInformation, [mbOK], 0);
finally
Screen.Cursor := crDefault;
end;
except
on E: EDivByZero do
begin
// re-raise the exception with a new message
raise Exception.Create (‘Error in Algorithm’);
end;
end;
end;

end.