Qualcomm 音频学习一

前言

最近在学习高通的音频驱动，在学习了高通音频 bring up 和 Audio overview 文档后，并在网上寻找到一篇比较重要的 blog进行学习后，将这部分学习笔记记录于此。

四个重要部分

高通音频框架大体分为以下四个部分：
音频前端（FE）
音频后端（BE）
DSP
音频设备（Audio Device）

(以下，音频前端使用 FE 代替；音频后端使用 BE 代替，音频设备使用 Device 代替)
其中，一个音频前端对应着一个 PCM 设备，一个音频后端对应着一个 DAI 口；DSP 处于音频前端和音频后端之间，起着连接 FE 和 BE 的作用；所有的 Device 都是挂在 DAI 上的。

1. PCM

PCM ：(Pulse-code modulation)脉冲编码调制，是将模拟信号转化为数字信号的一种方法（个人理解：PCM 数据流即是通过PCM方法转换后的二进制数据流）。大致包含以下这几种：
deep-buffer (//音乐、视频等对时延要求不高的播放音)
low-latency (//按键音、触摸音、游戏背景音等低延时的放音)
mutil-channel
compress-offload (//mp3、flac、aac等格式的音源播放)
audio-record (//普通录音)
usb-audio
a2dp-audio
voice-call (//语音通话)

Auido PCM 解释（ https://blog.csdn.net/shuyong1999/article/details/7165419 ）

2. DAI

DAI : Direct audio input （音频总线接口）
SLIM_BUS
Aux_PCM
Primary_MI2S
Secondary_MI2S
Tertiary_MI2S
Quatermary_MI2S

3. Audio Device

headset
handset
speaker
earpiece
mic
bt
modem
FM

具体其定义如下：

/* Playback devices */
SND_DEVICE_MIN,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_BEGIN = SND_DEVICE_MIN,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_HANDSET = SND_DEVICE_OUT_BEGIN,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_EXTERNAL_1,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_EXTERNAL_2,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_REVERSE,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_WSA,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_VBAT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_LINE,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_HEADPHONES,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_HEADPHONES_DSD,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_HEADPHONES_44_1,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_HEADPHONES,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_LINE,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_HEADPHONES_EXTERNAL_1,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_HEADPHONES_EXTERNAL_2,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_HANDSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_WSA,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_VBAT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_2,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_2_WSA,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_2_VBAT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_HEADPHONES,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_LINE,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_HDMI,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_HDMI,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_DISPLAY_PORT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_DISPLAY_PORT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_BT_SCO,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_BT_SCO_WB,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_BT_A2DP,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_BT_A2DP,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_TTY_FULL_HEADPHONES,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_TTY_VCO_HEADPHONES,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_TTY_HCO_HANDSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_TX,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_AFE_PROXY,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_USB_HEADPHONES,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_USB_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_TRANSMISSION_FM,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_ANC_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_ANC_FB_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_ANC_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_ANC_FB_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_AND_ANC_HEADSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_ANC_HANDSET,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_PROTECTED,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_PROTECTED,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_2_PROTECTED,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_PROTECTED_VBAT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_PROTECTED_VBAT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_VOICE_SPEAKER_2_PROTECTED_VBAT,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPEAKER_PROTECTED_RAS,
SND_DEVICE_OUT_SPE