Android ScrollView滚动超过边界，松手回弹

ScrollView滚动超过边界，松手回弹

Android原生的ScrollView滑动到边界之后，就不能再滑动了，感觉很生硬。不及再多滑动一段距离，松手后回弹这种效果顺滑一些。
先查看下滚动里面代码的处理

            case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                final int activePointerIndex = ev.findPointerIndex(mActivePointerId);
                if (activePointerIndex == -1) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "Invalid pointerId=" + mActivePointerId + " in onTouchEvent");
                    break;
                }

                final int y = (int) ev.getY(activePointerIndex);
                int deltaY = mLastMotionY - y;
                ………………………………
                if (!mIsBeingDragged && Math.abs(deltaY) > mTouchSlop) {
                    final ViewParent parent = getParent();
                    if (parent != null) {
                        parent.requestDisallowInterceptTouchEvent(true);
                    }
                    mIsBeingDragged = true;
                    if (deltaY > 0) {
                        deltaY -= mTouchSlop;
                    } else {
                        deltaY += mTouchSlop;
                    }
                }
                if (mIsBeingDragged) {
                    // Scroll to follow the motion event
                    mLastMotionY = y - mScrollOffset[1];

                    final int oldY = mScrollY;
                    final int range = getScrollRange();
                    final int overscrollMode = getOverScrollMode();
                    boolean canOverscroll = overscrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS ||
                            (overscrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_IF_CONTENT_SCROLLS && range > 0);

                    // Calling overScrollBy will call onOverScrolled, which
                    // calls onScrollChanged if applicable.
                    if (overScrollBy(0, deltaY, 0, mScrollY, 0, range, 0, mOverscrollDistance, true)
                            && !hasNestedScrollingParent()) {
                        // Break our velocity if we hit a scroll barrier.
                        mVelocityTracker.clear();
                    }

                    ………………………………
                }
                break;

先判断手指的移动距离，超过了移动的默认距离，认为是处于mIsBeingDragged状态，然后调用overScrollBy()函数，这个方法是实现滚动的关键。并且该方法有个参数传递的是mOverscrollDistance，通过名字可以知道是超过滚动距离，猜测这个是预留的实现超过滚动边界的变量。
进入该方法看一下

    protected boolean overScrollBy(int deltaX, int deltaY,
            int scrollX, int scrollY,
            int scrollRangeX, int scrollRangeY,
            int maxOverScrollX, int maxOverScrollY,
            boolean isTouchEvent) {
        final int overScrollMode = mOverScrollMode;
        final boolean canScrollHorizontal =
                computeHorizontalScrollRange() > computeHorizontalScrollExtent();
        final boolean canScrollVertical =
                computeVerticalScrollRange() > computeVerticalScrollExtent();
        final boolean overScrollHorizontal = overScrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS ||
                (overScrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_IF_CONTENT_SCROLLS && canScrollHorizontal);
        final boolean overScrollVertical = overScrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS ||
                (overScrollMode == OVER_SCROLL_IF_CONTENT_SCROLLS && canScrollVertical);

        int newScrollX = scrollX + deltaX;
        if (!overScrollHorizontal) {
            maxOverScrollX = 0;
        }

        int newScrollY = scrollY + deltaY;
        if (!overScrollVertical) {
            maxOverScrollY = 0;
        }

        // Clamp values if at the limits and record
        final int left = -maxOverScrollX;
        final int right = maxOverScrollX + scrollRangeX;
        final int top = -maxOverScrollY;
        final int bottom = maxOverScrollY + scrollRangeY;

        boolean clampedX = false;
        if (newScrollX > right) {
            newScrollX = right;
            clampedX = true;
        } else if (newScrollX < left) {
            newScrollX = left;
            clampedX = true;
        }

        boolean clampedY = false;
        if (newScrollY > bottom) {
            newScrollY = bottom;
            clampedY = true;
        } else if (newScrollY < top) {
            newScrollY = top;
            clampedY = true;
        }

        onOverScrolled(newScrollX, newScrollY, clampedX, clampedY);

        return clampedX || clampedY;
    }

ScrollView主要是竖直方向的滚动，主要看其Y轴方向的偏移。可以看到newScrollY的范围，top是-maxOverScrollY，bottom是maxOverScrollY + scrollRangeY，其中scrollRangeY是mScrollY的范围值，maxOverScrollY是超过边界的范围值。如果newScrollY的值小于top或者大于bottom，会对该值进行调整。
再进入onOverScrolled()方法看看，

    @Override
    protected void onOverScrolled(int scrollX, int scrollY,
            boolean clampedX, boolean clampedY) {
        // Treat animating scrolls differently; see #computeScroll() for why.
        if (!mScroller.isFinished()) {
            final int oldX = mScrollX;
            final int oldY = mScrollY;
            mScrollX = scrollX;
            mScrollY = scrollY;
            invalidateParentIfNeeded();
            onScrollChanged(mScrollX, mScrollY, oldX, oldY);
            if (clampedY) {
                mScroller.springBack(mScrollX, mScrollY, 0, 0, 0, getScrollRange());
            }
        } else {
            super.scrollTo(scrollX, scrollY);
        }

        awakenScrollBars();
    }

如果mScroller.isFinished()为false，说明正在滚动动画中（包括fling和springBack）。如果没有滚动动画，则直接调用scrollTo到新的滑动到的mScrollY。再经过绘制之后，就能看到界面滚动。
再回看overScrollBy()方法中，如果偏移距离到-maxOverScrollY与0之间，则是滑动超过上面边界；如果偏移在scrollRangeY与maxOverScrollY + scrollRangeY之间，则是滑动超过下面边界。
通过上面的分析可知，maxOverScrollY参数是预留的超过边界的滑动距离，看一下传递过来的实参为成员变量mOverscrollDistance，改动一下该值应该就可以实现超过边界滑动了。但是发现成员变量为private，并且也没提供修改的方法，所以改变该变量的值可以通过反射修改。
下面为修改

class OverScrollDisScrollView(cont: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?): ScrollView(cont, attrs) {
    val tag = "OverScrollDisScrollView"
    private val overScrollDistance = 500

    constructor(cont: Context): this(cont, null)

    init {
        val sClass = ScrollView::class.java
        var field: Field? = null
        try {
            field = sClass.getDeclaredField("mOverscrollDistance")
            field.isAccessible = true
            field.set(this, overScrollDistance)
        } catch (e: NoSuchFieldException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        } catch (e: IllegalAccessException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        }
        overScrollMode = OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS
    }
}

这样修改可以实现滑动超过边界，不过有个问题，就是有时候松手了不能弹回，卡在超过边界那了。需要看看手指抬起的代码处理，经过代码调试发现问题出在手指抬起的下列代码了

case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                if (mIsBeingDragged) {
                    final VelocityTracker velocityTracker = mVelocityTracker;
                    velocityTracker.computeCurrentVelocity(1000, mMaximumVelocity);
                    int initialVelocity = (int) velocityTracker.getYVelocity(mActivePointerId);

                    if ((Math.abs(initialVelocity) > mMinimumVelocity)) {//手指抬起，有时不能弹回边界
                        flingWithNestedDispatch(-initialVelocity);
                    } else if (mScroller.springBack(mScrollX, mScrollY, 0, 0, 0,
                            getScrollRange())) {
                        postInvalidateOnAnimation();
                    }

                    mActivePointerId = INVALID_POINTER;
                    endDrag();
                }
                break;

假如现在手指向下滑动超过边界的时候，计算出来的速度initialVelocity是正数，取个负然后传到方法flingWithNestedDispatch()函数

    private void flingWithNestedDispatch(int velocityY) {
        final boolean canFling = (mScrollY > 0 || velocityY > 0) &&
                (mScrollY < getScrollRange() || velocityY < 0);
        if (!dispatchNestedPreFling(0, velocityY)) {
            dispatchNestedFling(0, velocityY, canFling);
            if (canFling) {
                fling(velocityY);
            }
        }
    }

这个时候mScrollY小于0，velocityY小于0，所以canFling为false，导致后续的操作都不做了。这个时候，在界面上表现得就是卡在那里不动了。
超过边界不弹回，这个问题怎么解决？经过调试，找到以下方法，见代码：

class OverScrollDisScrollView(cont: Context, attrs: AttributeSet?): ScrollView(cont, attrs) {
    val tag = "OverScrollDisScrollView"
    private val overScrollDistance = 500

    constructor(cont: Context): this(cont, null)

    init {
        val sClass = ScrollView::class.java
        var field: Field? = null
        try {
            field = sClass.getDeclaredField("mOverscrollDistance")
            field.isAccessible = true
            field.set(this, overScrollDistance)
        } catch (e: NoSuchFieldException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        } catch (e: IllegalAccessException) {
            e.printStackTrace()
        }
        overScrollMode = OVER_SCROLL_ALWAYS
    }



//    override fun onOverScrolled(scrollX: Int, scrollY: Int, clampedX: Boolean, clampedY: Boolean) {
//        super.onOverScrolled(scrollX, scrollY, clampedX, clampedY)
//    }

    override fun onTouchEvent(ev: MotionEvent?): Boolean {
        super.onTouchEvent(ev)
        if (ev != null) {
            when(ev.action) {
                MotionEvent.ACTION_UP -> {
                    val yDown = getYDownScrollRange()
                    //解决超过边界松手不回弹得问题
                    if (mScrollY < 0) {
                        scrollTo(0, 0)
//                        onOverScrolled(0, 0, false, false)
                    } else if (mScrollY > yDown) {
                        scrollTo(0, yDown)
//                        onOverScrolled(0, yDown, false, false)
                    }
                }

            }
        }

        return true
    }

    private fun getYDownScrollRange(): Int {
        var scrollRange = 0
        if (childCount > 0) {
            val child = getChildAt(0)
            scrollRange = Math.max(
                0,
                child.height - (height - mPaddingBottom - mPaddingTop)
            )
        }
        return scrollRange
    }
}

在onTouchEvent中最后，手指抬起的时候，加上一道判断，如果这个时候是超过边界的状态，弹回边界。这样基本上，可以解决问题。