开发流程
项目地址:https://gitee.com/qq343509740/StudentSystem03需求分析
首先要确定要做哪些功能
- 使用数据库来保存数据
- 管理员登录系统(编号, 账号, 密码)
- 能增删改查学生的信息(编号, 学号,名称,年龄,主修科目)
表结构设计
根据需求,那么需要两个表就能够完成功能了。
- 创建数据库:student
将数据库编码格式设置为 UTF-8 ,便于存取中文数据
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS student;
CREATE DATABASE student DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
- 创建学生表:student
不用学生学号(stu_id)作为主键的原因是:不方便操作,例如在更新数据的时候,同时也要更改学号,那这样的操作怎么办呢?
所以我们加了一个 id 用来唯一表示当前数据。
CREATE TABLE student(
id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
stu_id INT(11) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
stu_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
stu_age INT(11) NOT NULL,
stu_major VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
- 创建用户表:user
用于实现注册登录功能。
CREATE TABLE user(
id INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
password VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
原型设计
就是设计界面,在商业项目中,这是很重要的一步,我们可以解除界面原型,低成本、高效率的与客户达成需求的一致性。
SSM 环境搭建
在真正开始编写代码之前,我们首先需要先来搭建好我们的 SSM 环境。
第一步:创建 Maven webapp 项目
详细参考
第二步:搭建项目目录结构
遵循 Maven 的统一项目结构
第三步:配置文件内容
在【pom.xml】文件中声明依赖的 jar 包 :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ray</groupId>
<artifactId>StudentSystem03</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>StudentSystem03 Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<!-- 配置可变版本号 -->
<log4j.version>2.8.2</log4j.version>
<mysql.version>5.1.18</mysql.version>
<druid.version>1.1.9</druid.version>
<mybatis.version>3.4.1</mybatis.version>
<mybatis_spring.version>1.3.0</mybatis_spring.version>
<pagehelper.version>5.0.0</pagehelper.version>
<spring.version>4.3.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<jackson-mapper-asl.version>1.9.13</jackson-mapper-asl.version>
<jackson.version>2.9.2</jackson.version>
<fastjson.version>1.2.47</fastjson.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- 单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>${mysql.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- druid 阿里巴巴数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>${druid.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- DAO: MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis_spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!--分页插件-->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
<version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Servlet web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring -->
<!-- 1)Spring核心 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 2)Spring DAO层 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 3)Spring web -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aspectjweaver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.7.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>${jackson-mapper-asl.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 添加fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>${fastjson.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日志文件 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-web</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 桥接:告诉slf4j使用Log4j2-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 桥接:告诉commons logging使用Log4j2 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-jcl</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
<artifactId>poi</artifactId>
<version>3.14</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>StudentSystem03</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.7.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.20.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
<build>
标签是默认生成的- 我们在
<properties>
中声明了编码格式以及使用的 spring 和 mybatis 的版本号,然后在<dependencies>
中声明了具体的 jar 包
配置【web.xml】 :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!-- 读取spring配置文件(与监听器配合使用) start -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 读取spring配置文件(与监听器配合使用) end -->
<!-- 对SpringMVC的支持 start -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- 对SpringMVC的支持 end -->
<!-- 编码过滤器 start -->
<filter>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>EncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 编码过滤器 end -->
<!-- Druid start -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DruidStartView</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>
com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet
</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DruidStartView</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/druid/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- Druid end -->
<!-- 配置Spring监听器 start -->
<listener>
<listener-class>
org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 配置Spring监听器 end -->
<!-- 404处理 start -->
<error-page>
<error-code>404</error-code>
<location>/error/404.html</location>
</error-page>
<!-- 404处理 end -->
</web-app>