多媒体

一、音频

iOS里面有四种专门实现播放音频的方式：
1、system sound services（系统声音服务）
2、OpenAL（跨平台的开放音频处理借口）
3、audio queue services（播放和录制音频的服务）
4、AVAudioPlayer（高级音频播放器）

system sound services

适用场景：播放一些很小的提示，或者警告音
局限性：
1、声音长度要小于30秒
2、格式：IMA4
3、不能控制播放的进度
4、调用方法后立即播放声音
5、没有循环播放和立体声播放

实例代码

//路径
NSString* path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"news" ofType:@"wav"];
    //播放指定音频时，需要的路径为url
    NSURL *musicPath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path];
    //创建soundID，播放系统提示音，或者指定的音频文件，系统都是根据soundID来寻找音频文件。大小范围为1000-2000
    SystemSoundID mySoundID;
    //创建播放器并播放
    AudioServicesCreateSystemSoundID((__bridge CFURLRef)musicPath, &mySoundID);
    AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(mySoundID);

还有另外一种播放的方法

    //路径
    CFBundleRef mainBundle;
    //系统声音
    SystemSoundID soundID;
    mainBundle = CFBundleGetMainBundle();
    CFURLRef URLRef = CFBundleCopyResourceURL(mainBundle, CFSTR("news"), CFSTR("wav"), NULL);
    AudioServicesCreateSystemSoundID(URLRef, &soundID);
    AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(soundID);

OpenAL

• OpenAL是一套跨平台的开源的音频处理接口
• 最适合开发游戏的音频
• OpenAL包括三个实体
• listener（听者）
• source（资源）

• buffer（缓存）

  OpenAL资料网址：
  网址一
  网址二

Audio Queue Services

audio queue services主要用来实现录制音频，为了简化音频文件的处理，通常哈需要使用到Audio file services。
相对底层的api，参考
http://blog.csdn.net/midfar/article/details/7233454
我们可以吧AVAudioPlayer看做是一个高级播放器，它支持的音频格式，如下：
* AAC
* AMR
* ALAC
* iLBC
* IMA4
* linearPCM
* MP3
开发步骤：
首先，导入AVFoundation框架
其次，AVAudioPlayer在初始化的时候要给一个播放文件
再然后，就是对一些属性进行设置了。
代码如下：

//得到音频资源
    NSString *musicPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"112" ofType:@"mp3"];
    //转化文件地址
    NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:musicPath];

    _player = [[AVAudioPlayer alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:url error:nil];

    //设置声音
    [_player setVolume:1.0];
    self.valumSlider.value = self.player.volume;
    self.volumValue.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%.0f", self.player.volume*100];
    //准备播放
    [_player prepareToPlay];
    //播放
//    [_player play];

播放暂停按钮的逻辑

if ([_play.titleLabel.text isEqualToString:@"播放"]) {
        [_play setTitle:@"暂停" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
         BOOL isplay = [_player play];
        if (isplay) {
            [self.timer setFireDate:[NSDate distantPast]];
        }else{
            NSLog(@"播放有误");
        }
        NSLog(@"点击了播放");
    }
    else{
        [_play setTitle:@"播放" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
        [_player pause];
        [self.timer setFireDate:[NSDate distantFuture]];
        NSLog(@"点击了暂停");
    }

停止播放按钮的逻辑

 NSLog(@"停止");
    //归零
    [_player setCurrentTime:0];
    [_player stop];
    [self.timer setFireDate:[NSDate distantFuture]];
    self.progressSlider.value = 0;
    if ([self.play.titleLabel.text isEqualToString:@"暂停"]) {
        [self.play setTitle:@"播放" forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    }

二、视频

iOS里面的视频播放用到的是AVPlayer（包含在AVFoundation里面）与AVAudioPlayer有点类似，但是其功能更加强大
直接上代码：
一些控件的初始化：

@property (nonatomic, retain)AVPlayer*player;
@property (nonatomic, retain)AVPlayerItem*playerItem;//播放元素
@property (nonatomic, retain)AVPlayerLayer*playerLayer;//显示视屏的层
@property (nonatomic, assign)BOOL isreadtoplay;//判断是否已经开始视屏

_isreadtoplay = NO;
    //监听通知中心中的某一条消息
    //关心对象，回调方法，消息名称，标记
    [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(videofinish:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification object:nil];

    self.navigationItem.title = @"高级播放";
//        [self localMusicalPlay];
    NSLog(@"进入页面");

    //滑竿
    UISlider *progressSilder = [[UISlider alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(50, 400, 150, 80)];
    [self.view addSubview:progressSilder];
    progressSilder.tag = 1000;
    progressSilder.minimumValue = 0;
    progressSilder.value = 0;
    [progressSilder addTarget:self action:@selector(didChangeValue:) forControlEvents:UIControlEventValueChanged];
     [self localVadio];

-(void)localVadio{
    NSString *stringPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"9533522808" ofType:@"mp4"];
    NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:stringPath];

    //时间监听者监听事键
    _playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:url];
    _player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_playerItem];
    //初始化layer
    _playerLayer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player];
    //将视屏层添加到当前界面的layer上
    [self.view.layer addSublayer:_playerLayer];
    _playerLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 60, 400, 300);
    _playerLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect;
    //为视屏添加观察者
    [_playerItem addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew|NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld context:nil];


}

-(void)localMusicalPlay{

    //先取得本地音频文件
    NSString *stringPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"113" ofType:@"mp3"];
    NSURL* url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:stringPath];
    _playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:url];
    //kvo 观察某对象属性的变化
    [_playerItem addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew|NSKeyValueObservingOptionOld context:nil];

    //初始化播放器
    _player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:_playerItem];
    //播放
    [_player play];

#pragma kvo 的回调方法
-(void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary<NSString *,id> *)change context:(void *)context{

    AVPlayerItem* item = (AVPlayerItem*)object;
//    AVPlayerStatus status = change[NSKeyValueChangeNewKey];
    NSLog(@"%@",change[NSKeyValueChangeNewKey]);
    NSLog(@"old%@",change[NSKeyValueChangeOldKey]);
    NSLog(@"%@",item);
    //得到改变之后的属性
    AVPlayerStatus status = [change [NSKeyValueChangeNewKey] intValue];
    switch (status) {
        case AVPlayerStatusUnknown:
            NSLog(@"未知");
            break;
        case AVPlayerStatusFailed:
            NSLog(@"失败");
            break;
        case AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay:{
            NSLog(@"准备");

            [_player play];
            float sum = self.playerItem.duration.value/self.playerItem.duration.timescale*1.0;
            UISlider* temop = [self.view viewWithTag:1000];
            temop.maximumValue = sum;
             _isreadtoplay = YES;
            NSLog(@"%f------",sum);
        }
            break;
        default:
            break;
    }
    //移除观察者；
    [item removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status"];

}