Given a connected undirected graph, tell if its minimum spanning tree is unique.
Definition 1 (Spanning Tree): Consider a connected, undirected graph G = (V, E). A spanning tree of G is a subgraph of G, say T = (V’, E’), with the following properties:
1. V’ = V.
2. T is connected and acyclic.
Definition 2 (Minimum Spanning Tree): Consider an edge-weighted, connected, undirected graph G = (V, E). The minimum spanning tree T = (V, E’) of G is the spanning tree that has the smallest total cost. The total cost of T means the sum of the weights on all the edges in E’.
Input
The first line contains a single integer t (1 <= t <= 20), the number of test cases. Each case represents a graph. It begins with a line containing two integers n and m (1 <= n <= 100), the number of nodes and edges. Each of the following m lines contains a triple (xi, yi, wi), indicating that xi and yi are connected by an edge with weight = wi. For any two nodes, there is at most one edge connecting them.
Output
For each input, if the MST is unique, print the total cost of it, or otherwise print the string ‘Not Unique!’.
Sample Input
2
3 3
1 2 1
2 3 2
3 1 3
4 4
1 2 2
2 3 2
3 4 2
4 1 2
Sample Output
3
Not Unique!
题解:
参考kuangbin大神。
求出最小生成树的ans,再求出次小生成树的ans。两者比较,如果相等,则最小生成树不唯一。
代码:
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
const int MAXN = 110;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
bool vis[MAXN];
int lowc[MAXN];
int pre[MAXN];
int Max[MAXN][MAXN]; //Max[i][j]表示在最小生成树中从i到j的路径中的最大边权
bool used[MAXN][MAXN];
int Prim(int cost[][MAXN],int n)
{
int ans=0;
memset(vis,false,sizeof(vis));
memset(Max,0,sizeof(Max));
memset(used,false,sizeof(used));
vis[0]=true;
pre[0]=-1;
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
lowc[i]=cost[0][i];
pre[i]=0;
}
lowc[0]=0;
for(int i=1;i<n;i++)
{
int minc = INF;
int p = -1;
for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(!vis[j]&&minc>lowc[j])
{
minc = lowc[j];
p = j;
}
}
if(minc==INF) return -1;
ans+=minc;
vis[p]=true;
used[p][pre[p]]=used[pre[p]][p]=true;
for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(vis[j]) Max[j][p]=Max[p][j]=max(Max[j][pre[p]],lowc[p]);
if(!vis[j]&&lowc[j]>cost[p][j])
{
lowc[j]=cost[p][j];
pre[j]=p;
}
}
}
return ans;
}
int ans;
int smst(int cost[][MAXN],int n)
{
int Min=INF;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
for(int j=i+1;j<n;j++)
if(cost[i][j]!=INF && !used[i][j])
{
Min=min(Min,ans+cost[i][j]-Max[i][j]);
}
if(Min==INF)return -1;//不存在
return Min;
}
int cost[MAXN][MAXN];
int main()
{
int T;
int n,m;
scanf("%d",&T);
while(T--)
{
scanf("%d%d",&n,&m);
int u,v,w;
for(int i=0;i<n;i++)
for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
{
if(i==j) cost[i][j]=0;
else cost[i][j]=INF;
}
while(m--)
{
scanf("%d%d%d",&u,&v,&w);
u--;v--;
cost[u][v]=cost[v][u]=w;
}
ans=Prim(cost,n);
if(ans==-1)
{
printf("Not Unique\n");
continue;
}
if(ans==smst(cost,n)) printf("Not Unique!\n");
else printf("%d\n",ans);
}
return 0;
}