iOS －NSKeyedArchiver保存数据

最新推荐文章于 2020-12-29 00:41:42 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2020-12-29 00:41:42 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/q862171879/article/details/41014765

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NSKeyedArchiver

使用例子:

NSString *str = @"abc";
NSString *astr = @"efg";
NSArray *Array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:str, astr, nil];

//保存数据
NSString *Path =

[NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,

NSUserDomainMask, YES) objectAtIndex:0];

NSString *filename = [Path stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test"];
[NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:Array toFile:filename];

str = @"a";
astr = @"";

//加载数据
NSArray *arr = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile: filename];
str = [arr objectAtIndex:0];
astr =  [arr objectAtIndex:1];

NSLog(@"str:%@",str);
NSLog(@"astr:%@",astr);

－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－以下是转载其他人的学习－－－－－－－－－－－

今天记录一下学习 NSKeyedArchiver、NSKeyedUnarchiver ，主要用在ios数据存储上，数据从内存存储到闪存上，这个过程称为归档。

一、创建一个数据模型（自定义类）

现在就以大家常见的Student的为例，这个模型有5个参数：name、age、weight、hobby、others

Student.h

[cpp] view plain copy

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface Student : NSObject<NSCoding,NSCopying>
@property(copy,nonatomic) NSString *name;
@property(assign,nonatomic) int age;
@property(assign,nonatomic) double weight;
@property(copy,nonatomic) NSArray *hobby;
@property(copy,nonatomic) NSDictionary *others;
@end

Student.m

[cpp] view plain copy

#import "Student.h"
#define knameKey @"name"
#define kageKey @"age"
#define kweightKey @"weight"
#define khobbyKey @"hobby"
#define kotherKey @"others"
@implementation Student
@synthesize name;
@synthesize age;
@synthesize weight;
@synthesize hobby;
@synthesize others;
#pragma mark-NSCoding
-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder{
[aCoder encodeObject:name forKey:knameKey];
[aCoder encodeInt:age forKey:kageKey];
[aCoder encodeDouble:weight forKey:kweightKey];
[aCoder encodeObject:hobby forKey:khobbyKey];
[aCoder encodeObject:others forKey:kotherKey];
}
-(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder{
if (self == [super init]) {
name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:knameKey];
age = [aDecoder decodeIntForKey:kageKey];
weight = [aDecoder decodeDoubleForKey:kweightKey];
hobby = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:khobbyKey];
others = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:kotherKey];
}
return self;
}
#pragma mark-NSCopying
-(id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone{
Student *copy = [[[self class] allocWithZone:zone] init];
copy.name = [self.name copyWithZone:zone];
copy.age = self.age;
copy.weight = self.weight;
copy.hobby = [self.hobby copyWithZone:zone];
copy.others = [self.others copyWithZone:zone];
return copy;
}
@end

通过以上的代码我们可以看出，要实现对数据模型的归档，需要我们实现NScoding协议，

NScoping（copy协议是为了模型数据可以复制，对于归档而言，不是必须要实现）

NScoding协议需要实现两个方法：

-(void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder

以keyValue形式对基本数据类型Encoding

-(id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder

以keyValue形式对基本数据类型Decoding，返回数据模型本身

-(id)copyWithZone:(NSZone *)zone

NScopying协议的方法，目的为了实现数据模型的copy，如下实例：

[cpp] view plain copy

Student *s1 = [[Student alloc] init];
Student *s2 = [s1 copy];
NSLog(@"s1:%@",s1);
NSLog(@"s2:%@",s2);

Log控制台输出：

2013-06-16 16:19:36.157 ArchiveDemo[1357:c07] s1:<Student: 0x8875340>

2013-06-16 16:19:36.158 ArchiveDemo[1357:c07] s2:<Student: 0x8875360>

二、ViewController.xib添加几个针对数据模型的可编辑组件：

三、接下来就是在Viewcontroller.m中的操作，首先添加一个内部使用的方法，返回要保存到闪存的位置：

[cpp] view plain copy

-(NSString *) getFilePath{
NSArray *array = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,
NSUserDomainMask, YES);
return [[array objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingPathComponent:kFileName];
}

在ViewDidLoad方法里，每次viewController初始化时，读取路径下的归档文件，读取数据模型数据。

同时添加一个通知每当按下Home键时，数据及时归档到闪存中。

[cpp] view plain copy

- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
if ([[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:[self getFilePath]]) {
NSLog(@"filePAth:%@",[self getFilePath]);
NSData *data = [[NSData alloc] initWithContentsOfFile:[self getFilePath]];
NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc] initForReadingWithData:data];
//解档出数据模型Student
Student *mStudent = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:kDataKey];
[unarchiver finishDecoding];//一定不要忘记finishDecoding，否则会报错
//接档后就可以直接使用了（赋值到相应的组件属性上）
self.nameLabel.text = mStudent.name;
self.ageLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",mStudent.age];
self.weightLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f",mStudent.weight];
self.hobbyTextField.text = [mStudent.hobby objectAtIndex:0];
self.othersTextView.text = [mStudent.others objectForKey:@"other"];
[unarchiver release];
[data release];
}
//添加一个广播，用于注册当用户按下home键时，归档数据到闪存中
UIApplication *app = [UIApplication sharedApplication];
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:
@selector(saveAppDataWhenApplicationWillResignActive)
name:UIApplicationWillResignActiveNotification object:app];
}

四、某一操作需要保存数据的时候，及时归档到闪存中

[cpp] view plain copy

/**
*当用户按下Home键，返回桌面时，归档当前数据到指定文件路径下
*/
-(void) saveAppDataWhenApplicationWillResignActive:(NSNotification*) notification{
Student *saveStudent = [[Student alloc] init];
saveStudent.name = self.nameLabel.text;
saveStudent.age = [self.ageLabel.text intValue];
saveStudent.weight = [self.weightLabel.text doubleValue];
saveStudent.hobby = [NSArray
arrayWithObjects:self.hobbyTextField.text, nil];
saveStudent.others = [NSDictionary
dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:self.othersTextView.text,@"other",nil];
NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc] init];
NSKeyedArchiver *archiver = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc]
initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
[archiver encodeObject:saveStudent forKey:kDataKey];
[archiver finishEncoding];
[data writeToFile:[self getFilePath] atomically:YES];
[data release];
[archiver release];
[saveStudent release];
}