这里是接着上一边文章的实验继续做的
一、步骤
1、获取之前的编译参数
2、下载新模块
3、重新编译软件,加上–add-module=新模块的解压路径
4、停止服务并备份原程序
5、把源程序用新程序覆盖
6、启动新程序
二、搭建nginx
nginx搭建详情:http://t.csdnimg.cn/B1QsL
三、平滑升级
1、查看nginx编译参数
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.24.0
built by gcc 11.4.1 20231218 (Red Hat 11.4.1-3) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 3.0.7 1 Nov 2022
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log
2、下载包文件
https://github.com/openresty/echo-nginx-module
下载到本地,然后上传到nginx服务器中
[root@nginx ~]# cd /opt/software/
[root@nginx software]# ls
nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
[root@nginx software]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@nginx software]# ls
echo-nginx-module-master.zip nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
3、下载工具解压模块包
[root@nginx software]# yum -y install unzip
[root@nginx software]# unzip echo-nginx-module-master.zip
//再次解压nginx包文件,解压到哪都行但是不要放到usr/local/下面
[root@nginx software]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
[root@nginx software]# ls
echo-nginx-module-master echo-nginx-module-master.zip nginx-1.24.0 nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
4、添加模块编译安装
[root@nginx software]# cd nginx-1.24.0/
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --add-module=../echo-nginx-module-master
5、编译安装
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# ls objs/
addon autoconf.err Makefile ngx_auto_config.h ngx_auto_headers.h ngx_modules.c src
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# make
//编译完成之后再次进行查看objs目录下是否有nginx程序
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# ls objs/
addon autoconf.err Makefile nginx nginx.8 ngx_auto_config.h ngx_auto_headers.h ngx_modules.c ngx_modules.o src
6、备份源程序并停止、覆盖、启动服务
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# nginx -s stop
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /opt/
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/
cp: overwrite '/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx'? y
[root@nginx nginx-1.24.0]# cd /usr/local/nginx
[root@nginx nginx]# nginx
[root@nginx nginx]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 511 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
//查看nginx信息
[root@nginx nginx]# nginx -V
nginx version: nginx/1.24.0
built by gcc 11.4.1 20231218 (Red Hat 11.4.1-3) (GCC)
built with OpenSSL 3.0.7 1 Nov 2022
TLS SNI support enabled
configure arguments: --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-debug --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_image_filter_module --with-http_gunzip_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-http_stub_status_module --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --add-module=../echo-nginx-module-master
7、测试引用echo
[root@nginx nginx]# vim conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
echo "shiqian";
}
8、检查配置文件
[root@nginx nginx]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx nginx]# nginx
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: Address already in use)
nginx: [emerg] still could not bind()
//重载nginx
[root@nginx nginx]# nginx -s reload
在自己电脑的cmd上访问
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111
shiqian
四、location案例
location区段,通过指定模式来与客户端请求的URI相匹配
功能:
允许根据用户请求的URI来匹配定义的各个location,匹配时,此请求将被相应的location配置块中的配置所处理,例如做访问控制等功能
语法:
location [修饰符] pattern {…}
修饰符
= 精确匹配
~ 正则表达式模式匹配,区分大小写
~* 正则表达式模式匹配,不区分大小写
^~ 前缀匹配,类似于无修饰符的行为,也是以指定模块开始,不同的是,如果模式匹配,那么就停止搜索其他模式了,不支持正则表达式
@ 定义命名location区段,这些区段客户端不能访问,只可以由内部产生的请求来访问,如try_files或者error_page等
1、没有修饰符表示必须以指定模式开始
[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location /abc {
echo "shiqian";
}
}
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -s reload
在自己主机的cmd进行访问
//只有当http://192.168.100.111后面接的是/abc时,不管在其后面加上任何内容都能访问
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc
shiqian
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc/
shiqian
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abcakhdakd
shiqian
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc/dnakwndj
shiqian
2、用“=”精准匹配
[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location = /abc {
echo "shiqian";
}
}
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -s reload
在自己电脑使用cmd访问
//只有当http://192.168.100.111后面接的是/abc时,才能访问
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc
shiqian
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc/daw
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.24.0</center>
</body>
</html>
3、~:表示指定的正则表达式要区分大小写
[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location ~ /abc$ {
echo "shiqian";
}
}
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -s reload
在自己电脑上使用cmd访问
//只有当http://192.168.100.111后面接的是/abc时,才能访问
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc
shiqian
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/aBC
<html>
<head><title>404 Not Found</title></head>
<body>
<center><h1>404 Not Found</h1></center>
<hr><center>nginx/1.24.0</center>
</body>
</html>
4、当“=”和“~”同时存在时,此时时 = 优先于 ~
[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location ~ /abc$ {
echo "shiqian";
}
location = /abc {
echo "sq";
}
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -s reload
在自己电脑上使用cmd访问
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc
sq
5、 ~*:表示指定的正则表达式不区分大小写
[root@nginx ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location ~* /abc$ {
echo "shiqian";
}
在自己电脑上使用cmd访问
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/abc
shiqian
C:\Users\Emperor>curl http://192.168.100.111/aBC
shiqian
location总结
查找顺序和优先级:由高到低
1、带有“=”的精确匹配优先
2、正则表达式按照他们在配置文件中定义的顺序
3、带有“^~”修饰符的,开头匹配
4、带有或者*修饰符的,如果正则表达式与URI匹配
5、没有修饰符的精确匹配
location = 路径
location ^~ 路径
location ~ 正则
location ~* 正则
location 路径