pip的常用命令

查看pip信息

pip show pip

pip的常用命令说明

(base) C:\Users\Lenovo>pip help

Usage:
  pip <command> [options]

Commands:
  install                     安装.
  download                    下载.
  uninstall                   卸载.
  freeze                      以指定格式输出已安装的包.
  list                        已安装包的列表.
  show                        显示已安装包的信息.
  check                       验证已安装包具有兼容的依赖项.
  config                      管理本地和全局配置.
  search                      在PyPI中搜索包.
  wheel                       根据您的需求构建轮wheel.
  hash                        计算包存档的哈希值.
  completion                  用于命令自动补全.
  debug                       显示对调试有用的信息.
  help                        显示命令的帮助.

General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to
                              WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup,
                              (a)bort.
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host or host:port pair as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any
                              HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the
                              certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for
                              download. Implied with --no-index.
  --no-color                  Suppress colored output
  --no-python-version-warning
                              Silence deprecation warnings for upcoming unsupported Pythons.

升级pip

python -m pip install --upgrade pip

列出当前包与最新包版本信息

pip list --outdated

安装包

pip install 包名

升级指定的包

pip install --upgrade 包名

安装指定 3.0.4 版本的 astropy 包

pip install astropy==3.0.4
注：astropy 4.0 不再支持 from astropy.extern import six，而是需要 import six

错误解决方法：

错误一

TypeError: object of type class ‘numpy.float64’ cannot be safely interpreted as an integer.

解决方法：

numpy 1.18.1 -> numpy 1.15.1