课时05 python的数据类型

课时05 python的数据类型

1. Number 数字

a,b,c,d = 10,True,3.14,4+3j
print(type(a),type(b),type(c),type(d))

2. String 字符串

str = "zhangsan"   
print(str[0])
print(str[1])
print(str[0:5])
print(str[:])

zhangsan
z
h
zhang
zhangsan

#切片
str = "zhangsan"    #4种方式截取ang
print(str[2:5])
print(str[2:-3])
print(str[-6:5])
print(str[-6:-3])

print(str + "feng")
print(str*3)

print("Hello \" ZhangSan")   #\加转义符
print(r"Hello \"ZhangSan")  #让转移符失效，加r为正则，使得后面的语句不变

ang
ang
ang
ang

zhangsanfeng
zhangsanzhangsanzhangsan

Hello " ZhangSan
Hello "ZhangSan

3. List 列表

a = [10,20,30,40,50,60]
print(a)
print(a[2])
print(a[0:3])
print(a[3:])

[10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]
30
[10, 20, 30]
[40, 50, 60]

del a[3]  #删除列表中的某个值
print(a)

[10, 20, 30, 50, 60]

x = [1,2,3]
y = [3,4,5]
z = x + y
print(z)
print(x*2)

[1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5]
[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3]

4. tuple 元组

b = (10,20,30,40,50,60)
print(b)
print(b[2])
print(b[2:])
print(b[1:3])

(10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60)
30
(30, 40, 50, 60)
(20, 30)

 #元组的内同固定的，不可以被修改的
del b[2]    #报错

5.set 集合

s1 = {10,20,30,40,50,20,10}
s2 = {50,60,70,10}
print(type(s1))
 
print(s1 - s2)  #差集
print(s1 | s2)  #合集/并集
print(s1 & s2)  #交集
print(s1 ^ s2)  #不同集

<class ‘set’>
{40, 20, 30}
{70, 40, 10, 50, 20, 60, 30}
{50, 10}
{70, 40, 20, 60, 30}

6. Dictionary 字典

stu = {"name":"zhangsan","age":20,"sex":"man"}
print(type(stu))
print(stu)
print(stu['age'])

<class ‘dict’>
{‘name’: ‘zhangsan’, ‘age’: 20, ‘sex’: ‘man’}
20

7. 数据类转换