对于TCP连接:
1.服务器端1)创建套接字create;2)绑定端口号bind;3)监听连接listen;4)接受连接请求accept,并返回新的套接字;5)用新返回的套接字recv/send;6)关闭套接字。
2.客户端1)创建套接字create; 2)发起建立连接请求connect; 3)发送/接收数据send/recv;4)关闭套接字。
TCP总结:
Server端:create -- bind -- listen-- accept-- recv/send-- close
Client端:create------- conncet------send/recv------close.
对于UDP连接:
1.服务器端:1)创建套接字create;2)绑定端口号bind;3)接收/发送消息recvfrom/sendto;4)关闭套接字。
2.客户端:1)创建套接字create;2)发送/接收消息sendto/recvfrom;3)关闭套接字.
UDP总结:
Server端:create----bind ----recvfrom/sendto----close
Client端:create---- sendto/recvfrom----close.
以TCP为例,代码如下:
Server端:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <WinSock2.h>
//#include "server_tcp.h"
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib") //添加静态库文件
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
//初始化WSA
WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2,2); //socket编程中: 声明调用不同的Winsock版本。MAKEWORD(2, 2)就是调用2.2版,MAKEWORD(1, 1)就是调用1.1版。
WSADATA wsaData;
if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &wsaData) != 0)
{
return 0;
}
//创建套接字
SOCKET slisten = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (slisten == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("socket error !");
return 0;
}
//绑定IP和端口
sockaddr_in addrServer; //结构体
addrServer.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrServer.sin_port = htons(8888); //绑定端口
addrServer.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = INADDR_ANY; //INADDR_ANY表示任何IP
if (bind(slisten,(LPSOCKADDR)&addrServer, sizeof(addrServer)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{
printf("bind error !");
}
//开始监听
if (listen(slisten, 5) == SOCKET_ERROR) //5为等待连接数目
{
printf("listen error !");
return 0;
}
printf("服务器已启动:\n监听中...\n");
//循环接收数据
SOCKET sClient;
sockaddr_in addrClient;
int nAddrlen = sizeof(addrClient); //int nAddrlen = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
char revData[255];
while (true)
{
printf("等待连接...\n");
//会阻塞进程,直到有客户端连接上来为止
sClient = accept(slisten, (SOCKADDR *)&addrClient, &nAddrlen);
if (sClient == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("accept error !");
continue;
}
printf("接受到一个连接:%s \r\n", inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)); //将in_addr类型转换为字符串
//接收数据
int ret = recv(sClient, revData, 255, 0);
if (ret > 0)
{
revData[ret] = 0x00;
printf(revData);
}
//发送数据
const char * sendData = "你好,TCP客户端!\n";
send(sClient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0);
closesocket(sClient);
}
closesocket(slisten);
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
Client端:
#include <WinSock2.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")
using namespace std;
int main()
{
WORD sockVersion = MAKEWORD(2, 2);
WSADATA data;
if (WSAStartup(sockVersion, &data) != 0)
{
return 0;
}
while (true) {
SOCKET sclient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP);
if (sclient == INVALID_SOCKET)
{
printf("invalid socket!");
return 0;
}
sockaddr_in serAddr;
serAddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
serAddr.sin_port = htons(8888);
serAddr.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); //将字符串转换为in_addr类型
if (connect(sclient, (sockaddr *)&serAddr, sizeof(serAddr)) == SOCKET_ERROR)
{ //连接失败
printf("connect error !");
closesocket(sclient);
return 0;
}
string data;
cin >> data;
const char * sendData;
sendData = data.c_str(); //string转const char*
//char * sendData = "你好,TCP服务端,我是客户端\n";
send(sclient, sendData, strlen(sendData), 0); //参数flags一般设0
//成功则返回实际传送出去的字符数,失败返回-1,错误原因存于error
char recData[255];
int ret = recv(sclient, recData, 255, 0);
if (ret > 0) {
recData[ret] = 0x00;
printf(recData);
}
closesocket(sclient);
}
WSACleanup();
return 0;
}
vs2015碰到问题:
error C4996: 'inet_addr': Use inet_pton() or InetPton() instead or define _WINSOCK_DEPRECATED_NO_WARNINGS to disable deprecated API warnings
问题的解决:
1、用所提示的新函数代替inet_addr函数。
2、修改VS配置,告诉它我就要旧函数,修改方法:项目->属性->C/C++->常规->SDL检查,将“是”改为“否”,即可。
参考https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoquantouer/article/details/58001960