Linux MySQL 安装的基本操作和常见错误

• 检测系统是否安装MySQL：yum list installed | grep mysql
• 删除MySQL及其依赖：yum remove mysql-community-libs.x86_64
• 远程在线下载MySQL：wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
• 在线安装MySQL：yum localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
• 显示MySQL仓库列表：yum repolist all | grep mysql
• 显示MySQL enabled仓库列表：yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
• 安装MySQL服务器：yum install mysql-community-server
• 查询MySQL的安装地址：whereis mysql

mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/lib64/mysql /usr/local/mysql /usr/share/mysql /usr/share/man/man1/mysql.1.gz

• 查询MySQL的运行文件路径：which mysql

/usr/bin/mysql

• 启动MySQL：service mysqld start
• 开机启动MySQL

systemctl enable mysqld

systemctl daemon-reload

• 生成一个临时密码：grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
• 到/var/log/mysqld.log查看临时密码
• 执行sql语句报错：Table 'mysql.role_edges' doesn't exist则升级数据库：mysql_upgrade -u root -p并重启mysqld服务
• 修改账户密码：alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'New Password';
• 新建一个访问数据库的用户：create user 'user'@'%' identified by 'password';
• 赋予新用户操作数据库的所有权限： grant all privileges on *.* to 'user'@'%'
• 查看自身权限：show grants
• 查看其它用户权限：show grants for OtherUser@'%'
• 查看表结构：desc table_name;
• 给文件夹添加用户权限：chown mysql:mysql -R /var/lib/mysql 
• 数据库服务启动错误：使用rpm包安装的数据库

service mysqld restart

错误：Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

systemctl start mysqld.service

错误：Failed to start mysql.service: Unit not found.

解决方法：rm -rf /var/lib/mysql/*

错误原因：MySQL在初始化时会检测数据目录是否存在，如若不存在则MySQL会创建，如若存在且该目录里有数据则会报错，并且终止初始化

• client does not support authentication protocol requested by server;consider upgrading mysql client错误

alter user 'user'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'password';