JavaWeb随机生成验证码并登录验证

ImageUtils类

package com.xiaobear;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import	java.util.Random;

import java.awt.*;

/**
 * @author xiaobear
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2020/6/5 0005 15:57
 */
public class ImageUtils {

    /**
     * 随机对象
     */
    private Random random = new Random();
    /**
     * 验证码宽度
     */
    private static int WIDTH = 100;
    /***
     * 验证码高度
     */
    private static int HEIGHT = 50;
    /**
     * 背景颜色
     */
    Color bk = new Color(255,255,255);
    /**
     * 存储文本
     */
    private String text;
    /**
     * 可选字符串
     */
    String chars = "23456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
    /**
     * 随机颜色
     * @return color
     */
    private Color randomColor() {
        int r = random.nextInt(256);
        int g = random.nextInt(256);
        int b = random.nextInt(256);
        return new Color(r, g, b);
    }

    /**
     * 随机字体
     * @return font
     */
    private static Font getRandomFont() {
        String[] fonts = {"Georgia", "Verdana", "Arial", "Tahoma", "Time News Roman", "Courier New", "Arial Black", "Quantzite"};
        int fontIndex = (int)Math.round(Math.random() * (fonts.length - 1));
        int fontSize = (int) Math.round(Math.random() * 4 + 16);
        return new Font(fonts[fontIndex], Font.PLAIN, fontSize);
    }

    /**
     * 干扰线
     * @param img
     */
    public void threeLine(BufferedImage img){
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) img.getGraphics();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
            int x = random.nextInt(WIDTH);
            int y = random.nextInt(HEIGHT);
            int x1 = random.nextInt(WIDTH);
            int y1 = random.nextInt(HEIGHT);
            g.setColor(randomColor());
            g.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);
        }
    }

    /**
     * 生成随机字符串
     * @return
     */
    private char randomChar(){
        int len = chars.length();
        int index = random.nextInt(len);
        char c = chars.charAt(index);
        return c;
    }

    /**
     * 创建画布
     * @return
     */
    public BufferedImage createImage(){
        BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(WIDTH, HEIGHT, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        Graphics2D graphics = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        graphics.setColor(bk);
        graphics.fillRect(0,0,WIDTH,HEIGHT);
        return image;
    }


    /**
     * 获取画布
     * @return
     */
    public BufferedImage getImage(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
        BufferedImage image = createImage();
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();
        StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
            String s = randomChar() + "";
            builder.append(s);
            float v = i * 1.0f * WIDTH / 4;
            g.setFont(getRandomFont());
            g.setColor(randomColor());
            g.drawString(s,v,HEIGHT-2);
        }
        text = builder.toString();
        /**
         * request.getSession().setAttribute("value",text);
         * 将text的值存入session()
         */
        request.getSession().setAttribute("value",text);
        threeLine(image);
        return image;
    }
    public String getText() {
        return text;
    }

    /**
     *显示画布
     * @param img
     * @param out
     */
    public static void output(BufferedImage img, OutputStream out) throws IOException {
        ImageIO.write(img,"JPEG",out);
    }
}

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Servlet测试类：

@WebServlet(name = "ImageOutServlet",urlPatterns = "/imageOut")
public class ImageOutServlet extends HttpServlet {


    @Override
    protected void doGet(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest request, javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse response) throws javax.servlet.ServletException, IOException {
        ImageUtils imageUtils = new ImageUtils();
        BufferedImage image = imageUtils.getImage(request, response);
        ImageUtils.output(image,response.getOutputStream());
    }
}

登录页面login.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>login.jsp</title>
</head>
<body>

<script>
    function changeImage(){
        document.getElementById("imc").src='http://localhost:8080/JavaWeb_Homework10_war_exploded/imageOut';
    }
</script>

<%
    Object msg = request.getAttribute("msg");
    if (msg == null) {
        response.getWriter().write("");
    }else {
        response.getWriter().print(msg);
    }
%>
<%
    Object msg1 = request.getAttribute("msg1");
    if (msg1 == null) {
        response.getWriter().write("");
    }else {
        response.getWriter().print(msg1);
    }
%>
<form action="http://localhost:8080/JavaWeb_Homework10_war_exploded/loginServlet" method="get">
    用户名：<input type="text" name="username"><br>
    密码 ： <input type="text" name="password"><br>
    验证码：<input type="text" name="checkKey">
    <img src="http://localhost:8080/JavaWeb_Homework10_war_exploded/imageOut"
         id="imc">
    <a href="http://localhost:8080/JavaWeb_Homework10_war_exploded/login.jsp?onclick=changeImage()" id="ch">看不清,换一张</a><br>
    <input type="submit" value="登录">
</form>
</body>
</html>

LoginServlet

@WebServlet(name = "LoginServlet",urlPatterns = "/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

    }

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        /**
         * 禁止图像缓存
         */
        response.setHeader("Paragma", "no-cache");
        response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");
        response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
        /**
         * 客户端跟服务端编码
         */
        request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        response.setContentType("text/html; charset=UTF-8");

        String username = request.getParameter("username");
        String password = request.getParameter("password");
        String checkKey = request.getParameter("checkKey");
        if ("xiaobear".equals(username) && "123456".equals(password) ){
            if (request.getSession().getAttribute("value").equals(checkKey)){
                response.getWriter().write("恭喜你登录成功！");
            }else {
                request.setAttribute("msg","验证码错误，请重新输入！");
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
            }
        }else {
         request.setAttribute("msg1","用户名或密码错误");
         request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
       }
    }
}

遇到的问题：

请求的text值为null

错误代码：

/*
        ImageUtils imageUtils = new ImageUtils();
        BufferedImage image = imageUtils.getImage(request, response);
        String text = imageUtils.getText();
        request.getSession().setAttribute("value", text);
        String value = (String) request.getAttribute("value");
        */

个人认为： 获取text的值时并没有获取生成字符串的值，而是获取定义的null,而在生成随 机字符串的时候就保存在session,这样就不会获取null.

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