https://www.html5rocks.com/en/tutorials/internals/howbrowserswork/
How Browsers Work: Behind the scenes of modern web browsers
Preface
This comprehensive primer on the internal operations of WebKit and Gecko is the result of much research done by Israeli developer Tali Garsiel. Over a few years, she reviewed all the published data about browser internals (see Resources) and spent a lot of time reading web browser source code.