log4j:WARN No appenders could be found for logger (org.springframework.web.context.support.StandardServletEnvironment)
1 原因是使用log4j1,需要从依赖中找到所有的log4j 依赖将其排除!即可解决
文章最后给出springboot配置的参考依赖。
下图是:是使用log4j1的debug
将该依赖删除
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
<version>Camden.SR5</version>
<type>pom</type>
<scope>import</scope>
</dependency>
下图是 log体系图,解读:各个log实现通过桥接器可以实现互通的,主流还是 使用slf4j门面模式
如:tomcat 和 springboot 分别使用了不同的日志实现
Commons-logging 是tomcat默认的日志系统;
springboot 默认使用的是logback日志实现,common-logs并没有logback的实现;
3 maven日志相关的关键配置
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.0.6.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<!-- 如,阿里云的loghub依赖的log4j 将其排除,其他组件有此依赖也做相同处理 loghub consumer --> <dependency>
<groupId>com.aliyun.openservices</groupId> <artifactId>loghub-client-lib</artifactId> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> <version>0.6.15</version>
</dependency>
<!-- slf4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- 排除默认日志配置 logback -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 导入log4j2依赖 perfect -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
</dependency>
spring boot starter 的日志依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-to-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>jul-to-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>1.7.25</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
4 常见问题
4.1 springboot 2 也引入了log4j2的实现,多个门面实现怎么办?
如果: springboot使用了log4j2的实现 同时也使用了 logback 就冲突了, 必须排除一个
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/Users/xiayin/.m2/repository/ch/qos/logback/logback-classic/1.2.3/logback-classic-1.2.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/Users/xiayin/.m2/repository/org/apache/logging/log4j/log4j-slf4j-impl/2.10.0/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
S
解决方法:将web依赖中的spring-boot-starter包,排除logback依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- slf4j -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<exclusions>
<!-- 排除默认日志配置 logback 排除 -->
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
4.2 tomcat日志不打印了,只用springboot的日志,如何解?
因为springboot 默认使用的是logback日志实现,common-logs并没有logback的实现;必须使用桥接器,将tomcat的日志输出到门面接口;
解决方案:
<!-- 导入log4j2依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2</artifactId>
</dependency>
目的是引入 log4j-slf4j-impl 依赖包,输出jcl日志。如:阿里云 tablestore项目依赖的也是强 log4j-slf4j-impl
4.3 springboot 2.0+ 默认log实现有几个?
logback实现
<dependency>
<groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
<artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
<version>1.2.3</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
log4j2实现
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.10.0</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
<optional>true</optional>
</dependency>
4.4 其他问题 基本解决方法也是定位到,核心包依赖问题上。
5 常用log4j2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--日志级别以及优先级排序: OFF > FATAL > ERROR > WARN > INFO > DEBUG > TRACE > ALL -->
<!--Configuration后面的status,这个用于设置log4j2自身内部的信息输出,可以不设置,当设置成trace时,你会看到log4j2内部各种详细输出-->
<!--monitorInterval:Log4j能够自动检测修改配置 文件和重新配置本身,设置间隔秒数-->
<configuration status="WARN" monitorInterval="30" packages="org.apache.logging.log4j.core.layout">
<!--先定义所有的appender-->
<appenders>
<!--这个输出控制台的配置-->
<console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
<!--输出日志的格式-->
<PatternLayout pattern="%date{DEFAULT}]-[%highlight{%level}]-[%threadName]-[%class{1}:%line]-[%msg%n"/>
</console>
<!-- 这个会打印出所有的info及以下级别的信息,每次大小超过size,则这size大小的日志会自动存入按年份-月份建立的文件夹下面并进行压缩,作为存档-->
<RollingFile name="RollingFileInfo" fileName="logs/all.log"
filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/all-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
<!--控制台只输出level及以上级别的信息(onMatch),其他的直接拒绝(onMismatch)-->
<ThresholdFilter level="info" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
<PatternLayout pattern="%date{DEFAULT}]-[%level]-[%threadName]-[%logger{1}]-[%msg%n"/>
<Policies>
<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="500 MB"/>
</Policies>
</RollingFile>
<RollingFile name="RollingFileWarn" fileName="logs/warn.log"
filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/warn-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
<ThresholdFilter level="warn" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
<PatternLayout pattern="%date{DEFAULT}]-[%level]-[%threadName]-[%logger{1}]-[%msg%n"/>
<Policies>
<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
</Policies>
<!-- DefaultRolloverStrategy属性如不设置,则默认为最多同一文件夹下7个文件,这里设置了20 -->
<DefaultRolloverStrategy max="20"/>
</RollingFile>
<RollingFile name="RollingFileErrorCommon" fileName="logs/errorc.log"
filePattern="logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
<ThresholdFilter level="error" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
<PatternLayout pattern="%date{DEFAULT}]-[%level]-[%threadName]-[%logger{1}]-[%msg%n"/>
<Policies>
<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
</Policies>
</RollingFile>
<!--OTS ERRO-->
<RollingFile name="RollingFileOtsError" fileName="../logs/ots-error.log"
filePattern="../logs/$${date:yyyy-MM}/ots-error-%d{yyyy-MM-dd}-%i.log">
<ThresholdFilter level="error" onMatch="ACCEPT" onMismatch="DENY"/>
<PatternLayout pattern="%date{DEFAULT}]-[%level]-[%threadName]-[%logger{1}]-[%msg%n"/>
<Policies>
<TimeBasedTriggeringPolicy/>
<SizeBasedTriggeringPolicy size="100 MB"/>
</Policies>
</RollingFile>
</appenders>
<!--然后定义logger,只有定义了logger并引入的appender,appender才会生效-->
<loggers>
<!--过滤掉spring和mybatis的一些无用的DEBUG信息-->
<logger name="org.springframework" level="DEBUG"></logger>
<logger name="org.mybatis" level="DEBUG"></logger>
<logger name="com.alicloud.openservices.tablestore" level="ERROR" additivity="false">
<appender-ref ref="RollingFileOtsError"/>
</logger>
<root level="INFO">
<appender-ref ref="Console"/>
<appender-ref ref="RollingFileInfo"/>
<appender-ref ref="RollingFileWarn"/>
<appender-ref ref="RollingFileErrorCommon"/>
</root>
</loggers>
</configuration>