137. Single Number II

题目:Given an array of integers, every element appears three times except for one. Find that single one.

Note:
Your algorithm should have a linear runtime complexity. Could you implement it without using extra memory?
思路:
K=3时,异或就不行了。
对操作数每一位进行相加%3,最后值便是结果。

写代码时遇到小困难。(基本功差)
1、如何取某个整数m的第n位
这个比较好弄,(m>>n-1)&1
2、二进制数值怎么相加得到十进制解
这个想了半天。一开始想到移位或,但是脑子又想到进位(太菜)
| <<

public class Solution {
    public int singleNumber(int[] nums) {
        int result = 0;
        for(int i=0;i<32;i++)
        {
            int sum = 0;
            for(int num : nums)
            {
                sum += (num>>i)&1;
            }
            result |= (sum%3)<<i;
        }
        return (int)result;
    }
}

总结:
k=偶数,异或^解决。
k=奇数,对操作数每一位进行相加%k

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Sure, here are some common OOP features and principles: Features: 1. Encapsulation: Encapsulation is the process of hiding the implementation details of an object from the outside world, and restricting access to the object's internal data and methods. 2. Abstraction: Abstraction is the process of creating a simplified version of something complex, in order to make it more manageable and easier to understand. 3. Inheritance: Inheritance is the mechanism by which one class inherits properties and methods from another class. 4. Polymorphism: Polymorphism is the ability of an object to take on many different forms, depending on the context in which it is used. Principles: 1. Single Responsibility Principle: The Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) states that a class should have only one reason to change. This means that a class should only be responsible for one thing, and should not be responsible for multiple unrelated tasks. 2. Open/Closed Principle: The Open/Closed Principle (OCP) states that a class should be open for extension but closed for modification. This means that you should be able to add new functionality to a class without modifying its existing code. 3. Liskov Substitution Principle: The Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP) states that a subclass should be able to be substituted for its parent class without affecting the correctness of the program. This means that a subclass should be able to use all the methods and properties of its parent class without any issues. 4. Interface Segregation Principle: The Interface Segregation Principle (ISP) states that a class should not be forced to implement interfaces it does not use. This means that you should only include the methods and properties that are necessary for a class to perform its specific tasks in its interface. 5. Dependency Inversion Principle: The Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP) states that high-level modules should not depend on low-level modules, but both should depend on abstractions. This means that you should use interfaces or abstract classes to decouple the high-level and low-level classes, making your code more flexible and easy to maintain.

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