【线程】ThreadLocal使用及数据结构

1、ThreadLocal的使用

ThreadLocal的确是数据的隔离，但是并非数据的复制，而是在每一个线程中创建一个新的数据对象，然后每一个线程使用的是不一样的。

public class ThreadLocalTest {
	private static ThreadLocal<Integer> threadLocal=new ThreadLocal<Integer>(){
		@Override
		protected Integer initialValue() {
			return 0;
		}
	};
	public Integer getNextStr() {
		threadLocal.set(threadLocal.get()+1);
		return threadLocal.get();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		ThreadLocalTest local=new ThreadLocalTest();
		MyThread myThread1=new MyThread(local);
		MyThread myThread2=new MyThread(local);
		MyThread myThread3=new MyThread(local);
		myThread1.start();
		myThread2.start();
		myThread3.start();
	}
	private static class MyThread extends Thread{
		private ThreadLocalTest tl;

		public MyThread(ThreadLocalTest tl) {
			this.tl = tl;
		}
		@Override
		public void run() {
			for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
				System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()
						+"::::"
						+tl.getNextStr());
			}
		}
	}	
}

Thread-2::::1
Thread-1::::1
Thread-1::::2
Thread-1::::3
Thread-2::::2
Thread-2::::3
Thread-0::::1
Thread-0::::2
Thread-0::::3

这里可以看出，在每一个线程的确是没有互相影响

2、ThreadLocal的数据结构

ThreadLocal的数据结构如下：

 static class ThreadLocalMap {
        static class Entry extends WeakReference<ThreadLocal<?>> {
            /** The value associated with this ThreadLocal. */
            Object value;
            Entry(ThreadLocal<?> k, Object v) {
                super(k);
                value = v;
            }
        }

ThreadLocal内部有一个ThreadLocalMap，ThreadLocalMap是ThreadLocal的内部静态类，ThreadLocalMap的存储数据依赖成员变量Entry[]，Entry继承WeakReference弱引用，存储方式为key-value；接下来看一下ThreadLocal的set方法：

public void set(T value) {  
       Thread t = Thread.currentThread();  
       ThreadLocalMap map = getMap(t);  
       if (map != null)  
           map.set(this, value);  
       else  
           createMap(t, value);  
   }  


/* threadLocals为Thread类的成员变量*/
ThreadLocal.ThreadLocalMap threadLocals = null;
ThreadLocalMap getMap(Thread t) {
      return t.threadLocals;
}

从上面的代码可以看出，使用ThreadLocalMap来存储数据时，key为当前的ThreadLocal对象，ThreadLocalMap为当前线程的threadLocals成员变量，如果ThreadLocalMap不为null，则直接更新value值；如果map为空，则将map初始化，并填充value值；