内容说明
本次的内容，是一次 MOOC 课程的作业。具体的，是对一版 “简易的时间片轮转多道程序的 linux 内核” 进行分析，进而了解计算机、CPU 的工作机制。作业声明
qianyizhou17 + 原创作品转载请注明出处 + 《Linux 内核分析》MOOC 课程
http://mooc.study.163.com/course/USTC-1000029000致谢
感谢孟宇老师提供的 MOOC 课程：Linux 内核分析！实验准备
- 环境
使用的是本次 MOOC 提供的实验楼的环境，可以直接访问 Linux 的环境并使用课程老师提供的资源！
也可以自行搭建。 步骤
- cd LinuxKernel/linux-3.9.4
- rm -rf mykernel
- patch -p1 < ../mykernel_for_linux3.9.4sc.patch
- 按照下面的源码修改 mykernel 中代码
- make allnoconfig
- make ＃编译内核请耐心等待
- qemu -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage
源码
mypcb.h
- 环境
/*
* linux/mykernel/mypcb.h
*
* Kernel internal PCB types
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Mengning
*
*/
#define MAX_TASK_NUM 4
#define KERNEL_STACK_SIZE 1024*8
/* CPU-specific state of this task */
struct Thread {
unsigned long ip;
unsigned long sp;
};
typedef struct PCB{
int pid;
volatile long state; /* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
char stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
/* CPU-specific state of this task */
struct Thread thread;
unsigned long task_entry;
struct PCB *next;
}tPCB;
void my_schedule(void);
mymain.c
/*
* linux/mykernel/mymain.c
*
* Kernel internal my_start_kernel
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Mengning
*
*/
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include "mypcb.h"
tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
tPCB * my_current_task = NULL;
volatile int my_need_sched = 0;
void my_process(void);
void __init my_start_kernel(void)
{
int pid = 0;
int i;
/* Initialize process 0*/
task[pid].pid = pid;
task[pid].state = 0;/* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
task[pid].task_entry = task[pid].thread.ip = (unsigned long)my_process;
task[pid].thread.sp = (unsigned long)&task[pid].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1];
task[pid].next = &task[pid];
/*fork more process */
for(i=1;i<MAX_TASK_NUM;i++)
{
memcpy(&task[i],&task[0],sizeof(tPCB));
task[i].pid = i;
task[i].state = -1;
task[i].thread.sp = (unsigned long)&task[i].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1];
task[i].next = task[i-1].next;
task[i-1].next = &task[i];
}
/* start process 0 by task[0] */
pid = 0;
my_current_task = &task[pid];
asm volatile(
"movl %1,%%esp\n\t" /* set task[pid].thread.sp to esp */
"pushl %1\n\t" /* push ebp */
"pushl %0\n\t" /* push task[pid].thread.ip */
"ret\n\t" /* pop task[pid].thread.ip to eip */
"popl %%ebp\n\t"
:
: "c" (task[pid].thread.ip),"d" (task[pid].thread.sp) /* input c or d mean %ecx/%edx*/
);
}
void my_process(void)
{
int i = 0;
while(1)
{
i++;
if(i%10000000 == 0)
{
printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d -\n",my_current_task->pid);
if(my_need_sched == 1)
{
my_need_sched = 0;
my_schedule();
}
printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d +\n",my_current_task->pid);
}
}
}
myinterrupt.c
/*
* linux/mykernel/myinterrupt.c
*
* Kernel internal my_timer_handler
*
* Copyright (C) 2013 Mengning
*
*/
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include "mypcb.h"
extern tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
extern tPCB * my_current_task;
extern volatile int my_need_sched;
volatile int time_count = 0;
/*
* Called by timer interrupt.
* it runs in the name of current running process,
* so it use kernel stack of current running process
*/
void my_timer_handler(void)
{
#if 1
if(time_count%1000 == 0 && my_need_sched != 1)
{
printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_timer_handler here<<<\n");
my_need_sched = 1;
}
time_count ++ ;
#endif
return;
}
void my_schedule(void)
{
tPCB * next;
tPCB * prev;
if(my_current_task == NULL
|| my_current_task->next == NULL)
{
return;
}
printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_schedule<<<\n");
/* schedule */
next = my_current_task->next;
prev = my_current_task;
if(next->state == 0)/* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
{
/* switch to next process */
asm volatile(
"pushl %%ebp\n\t" /* save ebp */
"movl %%esp,%0\n\t" /* save esp */
"movl %2,%%esp\n\t" /* restore esp */
"movl $1f,%1\n\t" /* save eip */
"pushl %3\n\t"
"ret\n\t" /* restore eip */
"1:\t" /* next process start here */
"popl %%ebp\n\t"
: "=m" (prev->thread.sp),"=m" (prev->thread.ip)
: "m" (next->thread.sp),"m" (next->thread.ip)
);
my_current_task = next;
printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>switch %d to %d<<<\n",prev->pid,next->pid);
}
else
{
next->state = 0;
my_current_task = next;
printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>switch %d to %d<<<\n",prev->pid,next->pid);
/* switch to new process */
asm volatile(
"pushl %%ebp\n\t" /* save ebp */
"movl %%esp,%0\n\t" /* save esp */
"movl %2,%%esp\n\t" /* restore esp */
"movl %2,%%ebp\n\t" /* restore ebp */
"movl $1f,%1\n\t" /* save eip */
"pushl %3\n\t"
"ret\n\t" /* restore eip */
: "=m" (prev->thread.sp),"=m" (prev->thread.ip)
: "m" (next->thread.sp),"m" (next->thread.ip)
);
}
return;
}
- 执行效果
- 代码分析
内核进程的入口位于 mymain.c 中的 my_start_kernel，时钟中断处理函数为 my_timer_handler。
基本流程是：
- my_start_kernel 完成进程堆栈的初始化，将 4 个 task 整理为一个环形的任务列表，并在 t[0] 的堆栈中开始执行 my_process
- my_process 中循环进行查询，当 my_timer_handler 中设置允许调度时，调用 my_schedule
- my_schedule 中实现任务的切换和堆栈的切换
在 my_start_kernel 中的汇编分析
//movl %1, %%esp
// = movl task[pid].thread.sp, %esp
// Before After
my_kernel stack || Task[pid].STACK
| | || | | stack[0]
| my_kernel | || ------------- &(stack[0])
ebp -> ------------- || | |
| param | || | |
| param | || | |
| | || | |
esp -> ------------- || | |
| | || | |
| | || | | stack[8191]
| | || esp -> ------------- &(stack[8191])//pushl %1
// = push task[pid].thread.sp
// Before After
Task[pid].STACK || Task[pid].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &(stack[0]) || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || esp -> -------------
| | stack[8191] || | thread.sp | stack[8191]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191])//pushl %0
// = push task[pid].thread.ip
// Before After
Task[pid].STACK || Task[pid].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || esp -> -------------
| | || | thread.ip | stack[8190]
esp -> ------------- || ------------- &(stack[8190])
| thread.sp | stack[8191] || | thread.sp | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191])//ret
// Before After
// EIP: task[pid].thread.sp
Task[pid].STACK || Task[pid].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
esp -> ------------- || -------------
| thread.ip | stack[8190] || | | stack[8190]
------------- &(stack[8190]) || esp -> ------------- &(stack[8190])
| thread.sp | stack[8191] || | thread.sp | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) //popl %ebp
// Before After
// EIP: task[pid].thread.sp EIP: task[pid].thread.sp
Task[pid].STACK || Task[pid].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[8190] || | | stack[8190]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[8190]) || ------------- &(stack[8190])
| thread.sp | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || esp/ebp -> ------------- &(stack[8191])
will call my_process as EIP -> task[pid].thread.sp = my_process;
当 i 累加 10000000 时
打印 this is process 0 -
等待 时钟中断处理函数将 my_need_sched 设置为 1
调用 my_schedule
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*
* in my_schedule
*/
// 打印 >>>my_schedule<<<
// 第一次进入 my_schedule 开始分析: next ->state = -1
// 调用堆栈为 task[0]的stack
// pid state ip sp
// cur: 0 0
// prev: 0 0
// next: 1 -1
// 在汇编调用之前，task 状态修改为：
// pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0
// next: 1 0
//
// 打印 >>>switch 0 to 1<<<//push %ebp
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0 prev: 0 0
// next: 1 0 next: 1 0
Task[0].STACK || Task[0].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
------------- &(stack[6799]) || esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799])
| | stack[6800] || | ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
ebp -> . T0_XX || ebp -> . T0_XX
. || .
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) //movl %esp, %0
// = movl %esp, prev ->thread.sp
// = movl %esp, t[0].thread.sp
//
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0 prev: 0 0 t0: &stack[6799]
// next: 1 0 t1: &stack[8191] next: 1 0 t1: &stack[8191]
Task[0].STACK || Task[0].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799]) || esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799])
| ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800] || | ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
ebp -> . T0_XX || ebp -> . T0_XX
. || .
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) //movl %2, %esp
// = movl next ->thread.sp, %esp
// = movl t[1].thread.sp, %esp
//movl %2, %ebp
// = movl next ->thread.sp, %ebp
// = movl t[1].thread.sp, %ebp
//
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0 t0: &stack[6799] prev: 0 0 t0: &stack[6799]
// next: 1 0 t1: &stack[8191] next: 1 0 t1: &stack[8191]
Task[0].STACK || Task[0].STACK Task[1].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0] | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0] ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | | | |
| | || | | | |
| | || | | | |
------------- || ------------- -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799] | | stack[6799]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799]) || ------------- &(stack[6799]) ------------- &(stack[6799])
| ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800] || | ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800] | | stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800]) ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | | | |
. || . .
ebp -> . T0_XX || . T0_XX .
. || . .
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191] | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) esp/ebp -> ------------- &(stack[8191]) //movl $1f, %1
// = movl $1f, prev ->thread.ip, 其中，$1f指向了line: 64的代码地址
// = movl $1f, t[0].thread.ip
//
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0 my_process t0: &stack[6799] prev: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
// next: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191] next: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191]//push %3
// = push next ->thread.ip
// = push t[1].thread.ip
//
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] prev: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
// next: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191] next: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191]
Task[1].STACK || Task[1].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
------------- &(stack[6799]) || ------------- &(stack[6799])
| | stack[6800] || | | stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
. || .
. || esp -> -------------
| | stack[8191] || | my_process| stack[8191]
esp/ebp -> ------------- &(stack[8191]) || ebp -> ------------- &(stack[8191]) //ret
//
// Before After
// EIP: EIP: my_process
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] prev: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
// next: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191] next: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191]
Task[1].STACK || Task[1].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
------------- &(stack[6799]) || ------------- &(stack[6799])
| | stack[6800] || | | stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
. || .
esp -> ------------- || -------------
| my_process| stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
ebp -> ------------- &(stack[8191]) || esp/ebp -> ------------- &(stack[8191])
开始执行 EIP 指向的 my_process, 此时的 cur 指向 task[1]
当 i 累加 10000000 时
打印 this is process 1 -
等待 时钟中断处理函数将 my_need_sched 设置为 1
调用 my_schedule
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/*
* in my_schedule
*/
// 打印 >>>my_schedule<<<
//
// 第二次进入 my_schedule，为了简化，设置仅有2个 task。
// 调用堆栈为 task[1]的stack
// pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0
// next: 0 0 //push %ebp
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191] prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
Task[1].STACK || Task[1].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
------------- &(stack[6799]) || esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799])
| | stack[6800] || | ebp: T1_XX| stack[6800]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
ebp -> . T1_XX || ebp -> . T1_XX
. || .
------------- || -------------
| | || | |
------------- || ------------- &(stack[8190])
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) //movl %esp, %0
// = movl %esp, prev ->thread.sp
// = movl %esp, t[1].thread.sp
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// ESP: t1: &stack[6799] ESP: t1: &stack[6799]
// EBP: T1_XX EBP: T1_XX
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[8191] prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[6799]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]//movl %2, %esp
// = movl next ->thread.sp, %esp
// = movl t[0].thread.sp, %esp
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// ESP: t1: &stack[6799] ESP: t0: &stack[6799]
// EBP: T1_XX EBP: T1_XX
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[6799] prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[6799]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
Task[1].STACK || Task[1].STACK Task[0].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0] | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0] ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | | | |
| | || | | | |
| | || | | | |
------------- || ------------- -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799] | | stack[6799]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799]) || ------------- &(stack[6799]) esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799])
| ebp: T1_XX| stack[6800] || | ebp: T1_XX| stack[6800] | ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800]) ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | | | |
. || . .
ebp -> . T1_XX || ebp -> . T1_XX . T0_XX
. || . .
------------- || ------------- -------------
| | || | | | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8190]) || ------------- &(stack[8190]) ------------- &(stack[8191])
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191] | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) ------------- &(stack[8191]) //movl $1f, %1
// = movl $1f, prev ->thread.ip, 其中，$1f指向了line: 64的代码地址
// = movl $1f, t[1].thread.ip
//
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// ESP: t1: &stack[6799] ESP: t0: &stack[6799]
// EBP: T1_XX EBP: T1_XX
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 my_process t1: &stack[6799] prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[6799]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]//pushl %3
// = pushl next ->thread.ip
// = pushl t[0].thread.ip
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// ESP: t0: &stack[6799] ESP: t0: &stack[6798]
// EBP: T1_XX EBP: T1_XX
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[6799] prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[6799]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
Task[0].STACK || Task[0].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || esp -> -------------
| | stack[6799] || | line:64 | stack[6799]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799]) || ------------- &(stack[6799])
| ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800] || | ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
. T0_XX || . T0_XX
. || .
------------- || -------------
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191])
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) //ret
//
// After After
// EIP: EIP: line:64
// ESP: t0: &stack[6798] ESP: t0: &stack[6799]
// EBP: T1_XX EBP: T1_XX
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[6799] prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[6799]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
Task[0].STACK || Task[0].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
esp -> ------------- || -------------
| line:64 | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
------------- &(stack[6799]) || esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799])
| ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800] || | ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
. T0_XX || . T0_XX
. || .
------------- || -------------
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191])
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) 此时从 line:64 行开始执行
//popl %ebp
// 此时 ebp 指向t1的stack 空间
// Before After
// ESP: t0: &stack[6799] ESP: t0: &stack[6800]
// EBP: T1_XX EBP: T0_XX
// EIP: EIP:
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 1 0
// prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[8190] prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[8190]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
Task[0].STACK || Task[0].STACK
| | stack[0] || | | stack[0]
------------- &stack[0] || ------------- &stack[0]
| | || | |
| | || | |
| | || | |
------------- || -------------
| | stack[6799] || | | stack[6799]
esp -> ------------- &(stack[6799]) || ------------- &(stack[6799])
| ebp: T0_XX| stack[6800] || | | stack[6800]
------------- &(stack[6800]) || esp -> ------------- &(stack[6800])
| | || | |
. || .
. T0_XX || ebp -> . T0_XX
. || .
------------- || -------------
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191])
| | stack[8191] || | | stack[8191]
------------- &(stack[8191]) || ------------- &(stack[8191]) //执行赋值语句
// Before After
// EIP: EIP:
// ESP: t0: &stack[6800] ESP: t0: &stack[6800]
// EBP: T0_XX EBP: T0_XX
// pid state ip sp pid state ip sp
// cur: 1 0 cur: 0 0
// prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[8190] prev: 1 0 line:64 t1: &stack[8190]
// next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799] next: 0 0 line:64 t0: &stack[6799]
继续执行，打印>>>switch 1 to 0<<<
退出 my_schedule
打印 this is process 0 +
循环，再次调用 my_process
当 i 累加 10000000 时
打印 this is process 0 -
等待 时钟中断处理函数将 my_need_sched 设置为1
调用 my_schedule
- 总结
- 内核任务所运行的堆栈，是由我们通过汇编语句自行维护的，与函数调用自动生成的堆栈有些不同：通过汇编指令使 esp/ebp运行在我们所管理的堆栈上；
- 任务的切换，本质是在我们所创建的stack 上进行 esp、ebp 的切换；
- 任务切换的本质：保存上一个任务的 ebp/esp/eip，并将这三个寄存器切换至自己任务的 stack。
- 样例代码中使用 stack 缓存 ebp，而使用变量保存 esp/eip：主要在于任务切换时，可以通过task 指针直接完成，再进一步 popl 来获得 ebp。我认为ebp 通过变量保存也是可以的。
- 感觉汇编部分的实现并不唯一，应该存在其他的方案
- 疑问
- mymain.c中汇编部分，ret 之后接了 popl，这样 popl 指令还能执行么？虽然感觉对任务的执行并没有太大影响……
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